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James Marsh, an English chemist, uses chemical processes to determine arsenic as the cause of death in a murder trial.
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Henry Faulds and William James Herschel publish a paper describing the uniqueness of fingerprints. Francis Galton, a scientist, adapted their findings for the court.
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Anthropometry is a system using various measurements of physical features like bones. It was used throughout the US and Europe.
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An Argentinean police officer, is the first to use fingerprints as evidence in a murder investigation.
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Human blood grouping, ABO, discovered by Karl Landsteiner and adapted for use on bloodstains by Dieter Max Richter.
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Victor Balthazard realizes that tools used to make gun barrels never leave the same markings, and individual gun barrels leave identifying grooves on each bullet fired through it. He developed several methods of matching bullets to guns via photography.
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First police crime lab established in Los Angeles.
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Prototype polygraph, which was invented by John Larson in 1921, developed for use in police stations.
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A sound spectrograph discovered to be able to record voices. Voiceprints began to be used in investigations and as court evidence.
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FBI established the National Crime Information Center, a computerized national filing system on wanted people, stolen vehicles, weapons.
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Technology developed at Aerospace Corporation in the US to detect gunshot residue, which can link a suspect to a crime scene, and can show how close that suspect was to the gun.
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DNA fingerprinting led to conviction of Colin Pitchfork in the murder of two teenage girls. This evidence cleared the main suspect in the case, who likely would have been convicted without it.
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Tommy Lee Andrews convicted of a series of sexual assaults, using DNA profiling.
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apanese researchers develop a dental x-ray matching system. This system can automatically match dental x-rays in a database, and makes a positive match in less than 4 seconds.
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Michigan state university develops software that automatically matches hand-drawn facial sketches to mug shots stored in databases.
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Victor Balthazard and Marcelle Lambert publish first study on hair, including microscopic studies from most animals. First legal case ever involving hair also took place following this study.
