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Period: to
The Restrictive Period
During this period in the United States, there was a shift in attitude of bilingualism and bilingual education. There was an increase in number of in-migrants. And there was a rise in English-only schools. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
This was one of the landmark in history of education that authorized schools to be "seperate but equal" by race. -
The Nationality Act
According to this act, immigrants must be able to speak English to become citzens of the United States.
President Theodore Rosevelt in 1926 highlighted the connection between English aquision and showing his loyality to the U.S. by saying this: "We have room for but one language in this country and that is the Eng- lish language, for we intend to see that the crucible turns our people out as Americans, of American na- tionality, and not as dwellers in a polyglot boarding house" (Nieto 64). -
World War I
Anti German feelings spread, Couldnt teach German as it could be threat to unity of Americanizm, English Monoliguaism
* the year is correct but I coudn't find the month and date for when this happened and I coudn't remove it because it won't let me. -
A Resolution
The Americanization Department of the United States Bureau of Education adopted a resolution. They recommended that all schools in all the states must be taught in English. All the instructions in the elementary school must be given in english.
* the year is correct but I coudn't find the month and date for when this happened and I coudn't remove it because it won't let me. -
34 States
By 1923, 34 states pronounced that English should be the main language in the elementary schools, both public and private. All the instructions should be given in English.
* the year is correct but I coudn't find the month and date for when this happened and I coudn't remove it because it won't let me. -
Meyer V. Nebraska
US Supreme Court declasred that Nebraska state law has prohibited the teaching for a foreign langauge. Teachers couldn't teach foreign langauge in the elementary schools because it was uncontitutional under the 14th Amendment. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CP77c-ZVjIE (Link to the explanation of Meyer v. Nebraska) -
Farrington v. Tokushige
Teachers were not allowed to teach any foreign language in Hawaii without a permit. As teaching foreign langauge without a permit was illegal and could lead to violating constitutional rights under Fifth Amendement. -
Mo Hock Ke Loc Po v. Stainback
According to this law, parents have rights to choose which language they want their child to learn from. -
Brown v. Board of Education
This law Overturned the case Plessy v. Ferguson of 1896 that authorized schools to be "seperate but equal" by race. Brown v. Board of Education said that it is unconstitutional to sperate brown and white students in the schools. They all should have equal rights. This was a major landmark in the history of Education.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=daHYY1d9W4s (Link to Youtube video which talks about Brown v. Board of Education).
