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This act delineates the rights held by the indigenous peoples of Lower Canada to their lands and the resources on those lands, as well as the consequences for those who use those resources without the proper permissions.
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Was part of a state effort to use government policy to assimilate Indigenous peoples to the economic and social customs of European settler society.
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Brought about another fundamental change in First Nations' relations with the Crown. This Act transferred authority for Indian affairs to the colonies, enabling the British Crown to dispense with the last of its responsibilities towards its former allies.
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The Act subsumed a number of colonial laws that aimed to eliminate First Nations culture in favour of assimilation into Euro-Canadian society.
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In the Gradual Enfranchisement Act, “enfranchisement” meant the process by which First Nations members lost eligibility to registration and membership in their home communities in exchange for participation in Canadian society as a citizen. The stated purpose of the Act was for “the better management of Indian affairs.”
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Were government-sponsored religious schools that were established to assimilate Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture. Started in 1880 as an attempt to both educate and convert Indigenous youth and to assimilate them into Canadian society. However, the schools disrupted lives and communities, causing long-term problems among Indigenous peoples. The last residential school closed in 1996.
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The “Sixties Scoop” refers to the large-scale removal or “scooping” of Indigenous children from their homes, communities and families of birth through the 1960s, and their subsequent adoption into predominantly non-Indigenous, middle-class families across the United States and Canada.