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A rifle is a gun, especially one fired from shoulder level, having a long spirally grooved barrel intended to make a bullet spin and thereby have greater accuracy over a long distance.
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By Dec. 31 1498 the idea of rifling was discovered. Rifling makes a firearm ,a rifle. Firearms like shotguns, and pistols have a smooth bore (a smooth barrel). Rifles use grooves to force the bullet to spin, which increase the accuracy and range. Rifling first appeared in firearms by Dec. 31 of 1540.
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The minie ball was an advance in the bullets that the rifles during the age of the civil war. Here is a video on the advantages of the minie ball
http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/minie-ball -
By Dec. 31 1550 they started creating different calibers for their rifles to get accuracy, stopping power, speed, etc.
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The first bolt action rifle was made Jan.1 1824. A bolt action is a rifle that uses a manual bolt to eject and to chamber a round into the chamber. These bot action rifles were faster than of rifles in the past, and now rifles could have the same fire rate as carbines.
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By Dec. 31 1857 center fire bullets were another major advance in the types of bullets that rifles fired. These bullet let the pin strike anywhere on the back of the rifle to fire it.
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Rifles were first used as sniper rifles by Dec. 31 1884. to hit targets from far away.
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By Dec. 31 1884 smokeless powder was a great advantage to the powder that was being shot regularly. The main advantages were less smoke, more muzzle velocity, more powder burnt.
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The first automatic rifle was introduced by dec. 31 1885. this technological advance allowed for fast and accurate shots to be fired.
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By Dec. 31 1914 the first machine gun was invented. It was used to dispense hundreds of rounds per second. To keep heads down and to get fire suppiroity.
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Mini ball http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/minie-ball
What is a riflehttp://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+a+rifle&oq=what+is+a+rifle&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.8504j0j8&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=122&ie=UTF-8&gws_rd=ssl
Bolt action https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Bolt_action.html
Info http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/technique/gun-timeline/ Pictures:
http://tractro.appspot.com/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=rifling&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go
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