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Period: 1310 to
Renaissance
It was the result of the ideas of humanism, which determined a new conception of man and the world. There was also a ,enewal in art, both natural and human sciencespolitics, philosophy, replacing medieval theocentrism. In Italy in the 15th century while the rest of Europe continued Gothic.Giorgio Vasari was the first to use the word Renaissance the beginning of the Modern Age, a historical period usually established between the discovery of America in 1492 and the French Revolution in 1789. -
1420
Florence Cathedral.
Is catholic church in Florence Italy . beginning with Arnolfo di Cambio.
Construction slowed until 1331. After a hundred years of construction,the structure was still missing its dome. The guild appointed architect Giotto as master builder. By 1418 construction had reached the stage at which the technical problems of building a vault above the enormous dimensions of the dome had to be solved. A competition was subsequently, and the winner was Brunelleschi,By 1436 the structure was realized. -
1498
Pietá, by Michelangelo Buonarroti. La Madonna della Pietà Our Lady of Piety
It means “Pity” or "Compassion" ,and represents Mary sorrowfully contemplating the dead body of her son which she holds on her lap. This sculpture was commissioned by a French Cardinal living in Rome.
Commissioned for the French Cardinal Jean de Bilhères, who was a representative in Rome.
This was the only work of Michelangelo to which he signed his name. This was a special work of art even in the Renaissance because at the time. You can visit the statue in New St. Peter’s Basilica. -
1509
The school of Athens, by Raphael Sanzio
The Stanza della Segnatura was the first of the rooms to be decorated, and representing philosophy. Raphael was called to Rome toward the end of 1508.
were decorated practically by Raphael, were largely executed by his numerous assistants and pupils. The primary purpose of the painting was to decorate the personal library of the Pope. It was painted between 1509 and 1511, during what is known as the High Renaissance, for Pope Julius II. In total are 21 figures depicted in the School of Athens. -
Period: 1516 to 1556
The reign of Carlos I
Charles inherited his father's Burgundian territories that included Franche-Comté and, most notably, the Low Countries.Extended the Burgundian territory with the annexation of Tournai, Artois,Utrecht,Groningen,and Guelders.
Inherited the Crown of Aragon,and was sovereign in several states of northern Italy as King of Italy.
After the death grandfather, Maximilian,Charles inherited the Habsburg monarchy. He was also the candidate of the electors to succeed his grandfather as Holy Roman Emperor. -
Period: 1520 to 1521
The revolt of the Comuneros in Castilla
It was an armed uprising led by the so-called community members from the cities of the Castilian interior, with Toledo and Valladolid at the head of the uprising. The arrival of Charles I to Castile, around 1517, barely knowing how to speak Spanish and bringing with him a large number of Flemish nobles. After a year of rebellion,
It caused misgivings among the Castilian elites who felt a certain displacement and feared the loss of their power and status.The cities were dominated by the nobility. -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Ausburg
The origins can be traced to the Protestant Reformation, a religious movement that began in 1517.The Catholic Church faced increasing criticism for its corruption.Was an agreement between the CharlesV and an alliance of Lutheran princes that paved the way for greater religious freedom in WesternEurope.Under the treaty, citizens who disagreed with the advertised religion were granted a grace period during which they could move to a place where they could freely practice the religion they desired. -
Period: 1556 to
The reign on Felipe II
Philip II, also known as Philip the Prudent,was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580,and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598.Philip saw himself as the defender of Catholic Europe against the Ottoman Empire and the Protestant Reformation.In 1584, Philip signed the Treaty of Joinville funding the French Catholic League. The following year Philip's naval power was able to recover after the failed invasion of the English Armada into Spain. six years afterdeath. -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebillion of the Alpujarras
The Alpujarras rebellion was a conflict that occurred in Spain during the reign of Philip. The abundant Moorish population of the Kingdom of Granada took up arms in protest against the Pragmatic Sanction of 1567, which limited their cultural freedoms.
Philip was shocked by the massacres of priests carried out by the rebels ,The Moriscos of Granada who survived were deported starting November 1, 1570 to other places in the Crown of Castile,It began in the Alpujarras and then spread to the plain. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years war
The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt was an armed conflict inmNetherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war included the Reformation,centralisation excessive taxation, and the rights and privileges of the Dutch nobility and cities.
England would probably have been eliminatedin Europe for a century or more,but the Dutch provinces still could have achieved independence sooner or later.
The Republic's army achieved a number of important victories -
Jan 5, 1579
The sigment of the Union Arras
Was an alliance between the County of Artois,the County of Hainaut and the city of Douai in Netherlands.They recognized the sovereignty of Philip II in the Eighty Years War.
The points agreed upon in the union were:
Expulsion of foreign troops.
Organization of the Council of State in the same way it was during the reign of Charles V.
Two-thirds of the members of the Council of State had to be accepted by all members.
All current privileges had to be reinstated.
Catholicism was the only religion. -
Jan 23, 1579
The segment of the union of utrecht
Is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces,which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until theTwelveYears.
Was a treaty unifying the northern provinces of Netherland
The parts of the LowCountries that joined:
The Countris of Holland,Zeeland,Drenthe,Flanders
The Lordships of Utrecht,Groningen,Friesland,Overijssel
The Duchy of Guelders and Brabant
And the cities of Tournai and Valenciennes.
Antwerp was the capital of the union until its fall to the Spanish. -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada by England
Philip attempt to restore the Roman Catholic faith in England,and English piracies against Spanish trade and possessions.The great fleet sent by KingPhilip II of Spain,invade England in conjunction with a from Flanders. England undertook to support the Dutch rebels against Spanish rule Spanish gunners trained to reload in action. They sustained serious damage casualties without being able to reply effectively.
The defeat of the Armada saved England from invasion and the Existence Dutch Republic -
Period: to
Baroque art
The Baroque was a period of history in Western culture originated by a new way of conceiving art.
spread to most of Europe
He produced works in numerous artistic fields: literature, architecture, sculpture painting,music,opera,dance, theater, The term "baroque" also indicates any artistic style opposed to classicism,
Emerged in a time of tensions after the Protestant Reformation, the Counter-Reformation and the rise of absolutist monarchies,It is currently used not only to refer to this period -
Apollo and Daphne, by Bernini
Eros threw a golden arrow at Apolo at him, which caused immediate love in whoever he wounded.Another shot wounded the Nymph Daphne with a lead arrow, which caused love rejection. So when Apollo saw Daphne one day he felt wounded by love and set out in pursuit of her. Daphne asked his parents for help,who determined to turn it into laurel.When Apollo reached Daphne, she began the transformation,her hair was filled with leaves.Apollo hugged the tree and began to cry.
stile barroco is from barroco. -
Saint Peter´s square project by Bernini
The open space which lies before the basilica was redesigned by Bernini from 1656 to 1667, under the direction of Alexander VII,designed so that the greatest number of people could see the Pope give his blessing, had been working on the interior of St. Peter's for decades;At the centre of the square is an ancient Egyptian obelisk Bernini designed the square almost 100 years later, including the massive Doric colonnades,four columns deep, matches another fountain designed by Carlo Maderno. -
The spinners, by Velazquez
is a complex painting that depicts women working at the Royal Tapestry Factory of Santa Isabel in Madrid. The work was created for King Philip IV’s huntsman.
one of the figures from the Vault of the Sistine Chapel. In the background, behind these women and in a room that appears higher, three other richly dressed women appear who seem to contemplate a tapestry that represents a mythological scene.
Velázquez divides the work into various planes, in the manner of those medieval paintings. -
Period: to
Neoclassical art
Was a Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts,new archaeological discoveries,literature,theatre, music,and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity. was born in rome,began 1760 in opposition to the then-dominant Rococo style.The Empire style,a second phase is in architecture and the decorative arts, had its cultural centre in Paris in the Napoleonic era.
The characteristics: restrained harmony, proportional beauty, and idealization. -
oath of the Horatti, by Jacques-Louis David
The work, depicting a scene from Roman legend, created a sensation when it debuted he was court painter to Napoleon, and much of what we know of the emperor’s mythic persona and the iconography of the French Revolution comes from David’s theatrical, allegorical paintings It depicts a scene from a Roman legend about a seventh-century BC dispute between two warring cities, Rome and Alba Longa,and stresses the importance of patriotism and masculine self-sacrifice for one's country. -
Carlos IV of Spain and his family, by Francisco de Goya
the Prado preserves five in the spring of 1800.He painted the final version between July 1800 and June 1801It belonged to the private collections of the Madrids royal palace
Goya was a chamber painter at the court of King CharlesIV.
he work is a compendium of the extensive work as a portraitist carried out by Goya,as well as one of his most complex compositions.In it all the members of the royal family appear in an orderly manner with the intention of highlighting the figure of Queen MaríaLuisa, -
Period: to
SOURCES
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Royal museum Greenwich