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President Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler Chancellor of Germany.
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Jewish people were excluded from public life, when the Nuremberg Laws were issued. These laws also stripped German Jews of their citizenship and their right to marry Germans.
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Nazis pillaged, burned synagogues, broke windows of Jewish-owned businesses, and attacked Jewish people in Austria and Germany. 30,000 Jews were arrested and sent to concentration camps.
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Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed a ten-year nonaggression pact on August 23, 1939, in which each signatory promised not to attack the other.
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Germany invades Poland, starting World War II in Europe.
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Germany invades Denmark and Norway.
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Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units) shoot nearly 3,000 Jews at the Seventh Fort, one of the 19th-century fortifications surrounding Kovno.
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Japan bombs Pearl Harbor and the United States declares war the next day.
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Germans begin the mass deportation of more than 65,000 Jews from Lodz to the Chelmno killing center.
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Allied forces invade Normandy, France.
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