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Mussolini to power, fascist
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Good Neighbor Policy: Isolate Americas from war
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Invaded Manchuria and created Manchukuo
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Period: to
60,000 people fled Germany, Austria, Italy for U.S.
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Due to Japanese military build-up, FDR calls for largest peacetime naval construction
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Army enlarged
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Navy & Air Force enlarged
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Japan joined Germany & Italy’s pledge to resist Communist International
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Neutrality Act 1937: cash & carry of nonmilitary goods bought from U.S. by nations at war, NOT to be transported under American flag
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declared war on China, rape of Nanking
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American soldiers fought in Spanish Civil War with the Abraham Lincoln Brigade
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: Hitler expelling Jews from Germany, Austria
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Period: to
60,000 fewer refugees allowed in than law allowed.
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Uranium fission discovered in Berlin
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Germany grabs rest of Czechoslovakia
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Nonaggression Pact signed by Germany and Soviet Union
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Hitler invades Poland
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Britain declared war on Germany
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: Neutrality Act updated, budget established to explore atomic power
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Soviets invaded eastern Poland, later Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Finland
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Period: to
Germany invades & Attacks ships with U-Boats
Germany invaded Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France; air assault against Britain summer & fall
U-boat attacks against merchant marines in Atlantic -
Period: to
“Happy time”
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Oil embargo against Japan begins
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Italy declares war on Allies, attacked France
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Period: to
Research partnerships between civilian & military science, defense budget exploded
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Pro-expansionist gov’t and Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
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Tripartite Pact:Mutual Assistance
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Traded bases for naval destroyers with G.B.; Selective Service Act; restricted iron & scrap metals to Japan; Flying Tigers & planes to China
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Period: to
Lend-Lease with Great Britain. U.S. troops to Greenland, air & naval patrols, “national emergency”
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discovery of plutonium; FDR wants scientists to build a bomb
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Great Britain sank Germany’s super battleship Bismarck
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Sends troops to Iceland; frozen Japanese assets, severely reduced Japanese oil shipments
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Japanese into French Indochina
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Einstein wrote to FDR explaining nuclear fission
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Japan warned against more expansion
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General Tojo becomes Prime Minister
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Reuben James sunk by U-Boat; Soviets eligible for lend-lease
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U.S. knew that Japan was planning attack, but not where; approved arming of merchant ships
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America declares war on Japan after Pearl Harbor is attacked
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Period: to
Bataan Death March
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Battle of Coral Sea
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Battle of Midway
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Period: to
1st American ground offensive in Pacific
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“Operation Torch”
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Inspired F6F Hellcat airplane, established American control over Pacific
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Britain bombs Hamburg, Germany - 30,000 killed
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Tehran, Iran meeting of Churchill, FDR & Stalin
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FDR creates War Refugee Board (in response to reports of Holocaust)
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Nimitz captures Gilbert & Marshall islands
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D-Day on Normandy Beaches
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Guam
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MacArthur returns to Philippines
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Battle of the Bulge
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U.S. carpet-bombs cities
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U.S. troops into Germany, Russians coming from East
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U.S. fire-bombs Tokyo
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High U.S. casualties on Okinawa - affects U.S. future plans - U.S. had 35% casualty rate, 7000/70,000 Japanese soldiers alive; 100,000 Okinawan civilians dead
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Germany surrenders
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Enola Gay dropped “Little Boy” on Hiroshima
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“Fat Man” dropped on Nagasaki
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Japan surrenders
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V-J Day
