60,000 people fled Germany, Austria, Italy for U.S.
Due to Japanese military build-up, FDR calls for largest peacetime naval construction
Army enlarged
Navy & Air Force enlarged
Japan joined Germany & Italy’s pledge to resist Communist International
Neutrality Act 1937: cash & carry of nonmilitary goods bought from U.S. by nations at war, NOT to be transported under American flag
declared war on China, rape of Nanking
American soldiers fought in Spanish Civil War with the Abraham Lincoln Brigade
: Hitler expelling Jews from Germany, Austria
Period: to
60,000 fewer refugees allowed in than law allowed.
Uranium fission discovered in Berlin
Germany grabs rest of Czechoslovakia
Nonaggression Pact signed by Germany and Soviet Union
Hitler invades Poland
Britain declared war on Germany
: Neutrality Act updated, budget established to explore atomic power
Soviets invaded eastern Poland, later Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Finland
Period: to
Germany invades & Attacks ships with U-Boats
Germany invaded Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France; air assault against Britain summer & fall
U-boat attacks against merchant marines in Atlantic
Period: to
“Happy time”
Oil embargo against Japan begins
Italy declares war on Allies, attacked France
Period: to
Research partnerships between civilian & military science, defense budget exploded
Pro-expansionist gov’t and Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
Tripartite Pact:Mutual Assistance
Traded bases for naval destroyers with G.B.; Selective Service Act; restricted iron & scrap metals to Japan; Flying Tigers & planes to China
Period: to
Lend-Lease with Great Britain. U.S. troops to Greenland, air & naval patrols, “national emergency”
discovery of plutonium; FDR wants scientists to build a bomb
Great Britain sank Germany’s super battleship Bismarck
Sends troops to Iceland; frozen Japanese assets, severely reduced Japanese oil shipments
Japanese into French Indochina
Einstein wrote to FDR explaining nuclear fission
Japan warned against more expansion
General Tojo becomes Prime Minister
Reuben James sunk by U-Boat; Soviets eligible for lend-lease
U.S. knew that Japan was planning attack, but not where; approved arming of merchant ships
America declares war on Japan after Pearl Harbor is attacked
Period: to
Bataan Death March
Battle of Coral Sea
Battle of Midway
Period: to
1st American ground offensive in Pacific
“Operation Torch”
Inspired F6F Hellcat airplane, established American control over Pacific
Britain bombs Hamburg, Germany - 30,000 killed
Tehran, Iran meeting of Churchill, FDR & Stalin
FDR creates War Refugee Board (in response to reports of Holocaust)
Nimitz captures Gilbert & Marshall islands
D-Day on Normandy Beaches
Guam
MacArthur returns to Philippines
Battle of the Bulge
U.S. carpet-bombs cities
U.S. troops into Germany, Russians coming from East
U.S. fire-bombs Tokyo
High U.S. casualties on Okinawa - affects U.S. future plans - U.S. had 35% casualty rate, 7000/70,000 Japanese soldiers alive; 100,000 Okinawan civilians dead
