Scientific enlightenment 1 scaled

THE ENLIGHTMENT and THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

  • 1554

    Sophia Brahe

    Sophia Brahe
    Born: 1556 in Knudsturp
    Death: 1643 in Helsingor
    Was a Danish horticulturalist and student of astronomy, chemistry, and medicine, best known for assisting her brother Tycho Brahe.
    When she was 17, she started assisting her brother with his astronomical observations in 1573, and helped him with the work that became the basis for modern planetary orbit predictions.
    Formulate his three laws of planetary motion, and the lunar eclipse of dicember 8, of 1573.
  • Maria Cunitz

    Maria Cunitz
    Born in 1610 in Wolow, Poland and death in 1664 in Byczyna, Poland.
    Maria Cunitz or Maria Cunitia was an accomplished German astronomer, and one of the most notable female astronomers of the modern era. She authored a book Urania propitia, in which she provided new tables, new ephemera, and a more elegant solution to Kepler's problem. The Cunitz crater on Venus is named after her. The minor planet 12624 Mariacunitia is named in her honour.
    Perfected theories of planetary pisitioning.
  • Maria Sibylla Merian

    Maria Sibylla Merian
    Was born in 2 April 1647 and died in 13 January 1717.
    Was a German entomologist, naturalist and scientific illustrator. She was one of the earliest European naturalists to document observations about insects directly. Merian was a descendant of the Frankfurt branch of the Swiss Merian family. Merian published her first book of natural illustrations in 1675. She had started to collect insects as an adolescent.
    Discovered the metamorphosis of the tropical insects.
  • Maria Winkelmann

    Maria Winkelmann
    Was a German astronomer who helped her husband with his observations.She became the first woman in history to discover a comet, C/1702. Was born in Panitzsch in 25-02-1670, and died 29-12-1720.Her father was a minister and he educated Maria at home. Astronomy was always the subject that fascinated Winckelmann most so she took the opportunity of studying with Christopher Arnold. Winckelmann showed her skill as a pupil of Arnold, and soon she was essentially serving an apprenticeship with him.
  • Gabrielle Emilie Du Chatelet

    Gabrielle Emilie Du Chatelet
    Born in Paris, 17-12-1706 to a well-connected noble family.
    When she was eighteen, they arranged for their only daughter to marry into one of the oldest lineages of Lorraine. Probably in 1733 when she was once in Semur awaiting the birth of her son, interested in mathematics and began to read widely in philosophy and other learned subjects.
    Translated Newton's Principia and disseminated the concepts of diferential and integral calculus in her book the Institutions of physics.
  • Laura Bassi

    Laura Bassi
    Born October 31, 1711, Bologna, and died February 20, 1778. Italian scientist who was the first woman to become a physics professor at a European university.
    Bassi was a child prodigy and studied Latin and French.
    In 1731 Tacconi invited philosophers from the university, as well as the archbishop of Bologna, Prospero Cardinal Lambertini, to examine her progress, were very impressed. Word spread of her intelligence, and was at the centre of a series of public events organized by Lambertini.