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At Mittagong, NSW, the first exploration of iron and steel smelting began, and he first smelting plant was born, though it closed in 1877, due to economical issues.
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Another try at the smelting began in 1873 in Victoria. A blast furnace was built in 1875 and was active in the 1880s.
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BHP is founded, which brings a revolution to the steel and iron industries.