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Jan 1, 1100
Fulling Stocks
first machine used in textile making powered by water. Creates a better insulated finish. -
Jan 1, 1300
Indian Spinning Wheel
increased amount of fibre that could be spun at any one time. Also known as the charka it can be used to spin short fibres. -
Jan 1, 1300
Wool
major fibre used in this time. -
Jan 1, 1400
Threadle operated spinning wheel
greatly increased yarn production. -
Stocking Frame
increased production of knitted fabrics. -
Flying Shuttle
Increased production of woven fabrics by allowing the weft fibres to be passed under and over the warp fibres at much greater speeds - John Kay -
Spinning Jenny
first spinning machine not operated by hand - James Hargreaves -
Water Frame Spinning Machine
driven by water creating a fining more even yarn - Richard Arkwright -
Warp Knitting Machine
invented in England - Josias Crane -
The Mule
cross between the spinning jenny and the water frame spinning machine - Samual Crompton -
Circular Knitting
allowed the production of tubular fabrics (womens stockings) - -
Gabrielle “Coco” Chanel.
The most famous fashion figure in history was an orphan and brought up in a convent. She quickly learned the ways of the world though and got a lover to finance a millinery (hat) store for her. In 1919, she opened her store in Paris (still in the same location today!). Chanel designed what she wanted to wear: simple, elegant clothes in black and neutral colors. She is the designer who gave us the Little Black Dress (LBD) that we all know and love. When Paul Poiret passed by Chanel in the street -
Viscose
artificial silk. -
Madeleine Vionnet
She created some of the most beautiful dresses ever made because of her unusual technique. She created her lingerie-inspired designs on a mannequin, rather than on paper, so she could see how the farbic moved as she made a dress. Also, Vionnet was the first to cut her fabric on the bias (by turning the fabric diagonal and cutting, rather than horizontal). Cutting on the bias created a dress that hugged a woman’s curves and moved with her. The dress below was created in 1938. Except for the neckl -
Nylon
development in maufactured fibres - E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. -
Polyester
- British Chemists John Rex Whinfield and James Tennant Dickson, employees of the Calico Printer's Association of Manchester
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Christian Dior
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Spandex
Spandex or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It is strong, but less durable than its major non-synthetic competitor, natural latex. - chemists C. L. Sandquist and Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. -
Aramid
Aromatic polyamides were first introduced in commercial applications in the early 1960 -
Yves Saint Laurent
one of the greatest designers in fashion history. He was a modern designer who conceptualized men’s clothing, like the tuxedo and the safari jacket, into chic womenswear (although the safari look didn’t take off with the masses until the film Out of Africa came out in 1985). He also had a knack for creating beautiful color combinations. As Schiaparelli did before him, YSL incorporated art into his designs (Mondrian and Picasso). He was one of the first designers to socialize with his clients (in -
Coir
Coir has been around for a millenium but did not find a home for commercial growing until the 1980's in Holland. -
Luminex
it actually gives off its own light. Designers took tiny, flexible optical fibers developed for high-energy physics experiments and wove them into ordinary fabric. Power comes from an ordinary battery sewn into the cloth.
