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The Grammar Translation Method. (Valentin Meidinger ) (Johann Christian Fick)
This pioneer of language teaching methods, also known as the traditional method was first described by Valentin Meidinger (1756-1822) considered the creator of the method and whose work dealt with the teaching of French. On the other hand, Johann Christian Fick (1763-1821) wrote the first course of its kind for the teaching of English. -
Direct Method (Maximilian Berlitz)
The direct method developed by Maximilian Berlitz and Gouin Francoise in the 19th century represented the first departure and improvement in the method of translating grammar. -
Reading Method (Michael West )
One of its precursors, Michael West (1888-1973) carried out an exhaustive lexical-semantic work considered by many to be the most complete study carried out to date, which led him to important conclusions about the work with reading based, to a large extent, on his job as an English teacher in India. -
The Audiolingual Method (Leonard Bloomfield, Charles Carpenter Fries) )
The audiolingual method is a method used in teaching foreign languages. It is based on behaviorist theory, which postulates that certain traits of living things, and in this case humans, could be trained through a system of reinforcement. The correct use of a trait would receive positive feedback while incorrect use of that trait would receive negative feedback.[ -
The Suggestopedia Method (Georgi Lozanov )
Suggestopedia is a method of teaching a foreign language in which students learn quickly by being made to feel relaxed, interested and positive. The method is developed because of the argument that students naturally face psychological barriers to learning. -
Silent Way (Caleb Gattegno)
The Silent Way is the name of a method of language teaching devised by Caleb Gattegno. It is based on the premise that the teacher should be silent as much as possible in the classroom but the learner should be encouraged to produce as much language as possible. -
Community Language Learning Method ( Charles Arthur Curran)
Community Language Learning (CLL) is a language teaching method which involves psychological aspect and students work together to develop what skill of a language they would like to learn. The roles of the teacher is called counselor and the learners are called client in the language classroom. -
The Dartmouth Method (Dartmouth John Rassias)
The goal of the Rassias Method is to make the participant feel comfortable and natural with the language in a short period of time. This is accomplished through a specific series of teaching procedures and dramatic techniques which seek to eliminate inhibitions and create an atmosphere of free expression from the very first day of class. -
Communicative language teaching, CLT (David Wilkins)
Communicative language teaching (CLT), or the communicative approach, is an approach to language teaching that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of study. Learners in environments using CLT techniques learn and practice the target language by interactions with one another and the instructor, the study of "authentic texts" (those written in the target language for purposes other than language learning), and the use of the language both in class and outside of class. -
Natural Approach ( Stephen Krashen and Tracy Terrell)
The natural approach is a comprehension-based language learning methodology which emphasizes the idea of exposure and the lowering of affective or emotional barriers to learning. -
The Lexical Approach (Michael Lewis)
The basic concept on which this approach rests is the idea that an important part of learning a language consists of being able to understand and produce lexical phrases as chunks -
Task-Based Learning TBL (Prabhu)
Major scholars who have done research in this area include Teresa P. Pica, Martin East, and Michael Long.
Sometimes called 'Task Based Language Teaching', TBL lessons students solve a task that involves authentic use of language, rather than completing simple questions about grammar or vocabulary.
