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The Soviet Union sent into orbit Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite in history.
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Sputnik 2, also part of the Soviet Union carried the dog Laika into orbit.
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The first American satellite to reach orbit, is launched. It carried scientific equipment that lead to the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belt.
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Sputnik 3 was launched by the Soviet Union. It was a research satellite to explore the upper atmosphere and the near space.
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Luna 1 is launched by the USSR. It is the first man made object to orbit the Sun.
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Luna 2 is launched. It impacts the Moon on September 13, becoming the first man-made object to do so.
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Luna 3 orbits the Moon and photographs 70% of its surface.
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Yuri Gagarin (USSR) orbits the Earth once and becomes the first man in space.
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Alan B. Shepard becomes the first American in space.
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Alexei Leonov spends 12 minutes outside of his Voskhod spacecraft performing the first spacewalk.
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Gus Grissom and John Young fly the first manned Gemini spacecraft.
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Ed White performs America's first spacewalk. Jim McDivitt remains in the Gemini capsule.
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Luna 9 becomes the first spacecraft to soft-land on the Moon.
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Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin become the first men to walk on the Moon while crewmate Michael Collins orbits around the Moon alone.
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Apollo 17 was the eleventh manned space mission in the NASA Apollo programme. It was the first night launch of a U.S. human spaceflight and the sixth and final lunar landing mission.