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describing a "Brick Moon" that orbited the earth, used as a navigational guide for ships, inhabited by several people. sent signals by morse code to the earth.
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Sputnik was launched into space, traveling at 18,000 mph
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The first animal in space, a dog. the dog did end up dying.
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launched into orbit and succeeded
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Eisenhower signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act
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7 piolets chosen as USA's first astronauts "project mercury"
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third soviet satellite took pictures of the far side of the moon
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first weather satellite (worked in low orbit around earth) created by USA
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Yuri Gagarin from the USSR enters space and back, successfully
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Alan Shepard was the first american in space
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the mission to get tho the moon starts
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Russian astronaut Gherman Titov orbits the earth for 24hrs
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First American in orbit- John Glenn made three orbits before a successful landing.
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Russian Cosmonaut Andriyan Nikolayev (Vostok 3) and Pavel Popovich (Vostok 4) started flights within a day of each other in the USSR. first to achieve ship to ship radio contact.
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Mercury flight Sigma 7 with pilot Wally Schirra 6 orbits around earth in the USA
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American pilot Gordo Cooper makes a successful 22 orbits around the earth, in 1 day, 10hrs, and 19min.
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two flights by the USSR took place at the same time, 2 days apart. piloted by Cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky and (the first female in space) Valentina Tereshkova.
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Alexei Leonov, aboard the Voskhod II, was the first person in the USSR to do a spacewalk
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for the USA to get to the moon, the gemini test flight series started with Guss Grissom and John Youngin a demonstration of maneuverable space flight with the first onboard computer
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the first successful USA spacewalk
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first spacecraft to use fuel cells instead of batteries, went 8 days in orbit and was successfully completed.
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The USA plan was for Gemini 6 to successfully dock with a target vehicle, but the target "Atlas-Agena" exploded during launch.
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planned to stay in orbit for 14 days, and to launch Gemini 6 to dock with them. first time using different, more comfortable suits. various types of medical testing was preformed.
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Gemini 6 successfully performed the first ship to ship docking with Gemini 7, but almost failed due to engine problems
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The future crew of Gemini 9 (Eliott See and Charlie Bassett) died in a plane crash. they were replaced with Tom Stafford and Gene Cernan
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a telemetry control error caused the ship to spin out of control. the crew undocked early in an attempt to stop it. The spin got up to 1 revolution per second until the crew activated the nose thrusters, cutting the mission short.
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after Gemini 9's Atlas-Agena target rocket exploding, a smaller rocket called the ADTA was used. it also failed as protective cover did not deploy, causing the docking target to look like an "angry alligator". the crew tested a rocket-powered maneuvering device, but it proved to be far too hard to get set up.
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a successful docking 475mi above the earth. the crew undocked and found the Gemini 8 Agena target, then proceeded to retrieve a micrometorite collecter during another spacewalk.
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successful rendezvous in just one orbit. attaching a tether to the end of the spacecraft proved to be incredibly difficult.
A new record orbit height of 850mi. -
NASA tries to solve all the issues with EVA through underwater training to simulate zero-g. developed techniques and methods of working, and equipment to help keep the astronaut in place when doing EVA.
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The USA lunar module was tested during this unmanned flight
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a fire caused by an electrical spark during a countdown test started on board inside the cockpit, leading to the deaths of the whole crew inside. NASA then revamped safety by developing a quick-release hatch, as well as other fire-resistant procedures.
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Soyuz I was launched with one crew member, Vladimir Komarov. malfunctions caused the parachute to fail to deploy. he hit the ground at high speed, resulting in death
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Utilizing the newest Saturn V rocket, the launch pushed its orbit out to 11,000 miles
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USSR spacecraft designed for a mission to "figure 8" between the moon and the earth. resulted in failure
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2nd test of the Saturn V rocket, there were some problems
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the lunar module is behind schedule, and intel from the CIA suggested the USSR was working on lunar flights, so George Low proposed that if Apollo 7 succeeds, Apollo 8 would be the mission to the moon.
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A successful launch with a live TV broadcast from space, confirming apollo 8 set for the moon
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Launched using the Saturn V rocket booster. On the 24th, Apollo 8 made it into lunar orbit and got to see the first "earthrise" over the moon. After the 10th orbit, Apollo 8 launched its final stage rockets to take them back into earth's orbit