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The Underground Railroad (1)
Isaac T. Hopper, a Quaker, began a system for hiding and aiding runaway slaves in 1787. This is what started the Underground Railroad. March 20th is the first day of spring, and spring was the safest time to of the year to escape, therefore March 20, 1787 will be the start date. The end date, December 6, 1865 was when the 13th Amendment ending slavery was passed, thus ending the need to escape on the Underground Railroad. Many people participated in the Underground Railroad. -
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The Underground Railroad (2)
Some of them are the slaves, fugitives, abolitionists, conductors, stationmasters, stockholders, free people. The Underground Railroad was a secret network of people, places, and routes in the North that led slaves to freedom in large cities, black communities, and Canada. Slaves escaped from Kentucky, Virginia, Maryland, Tennessee, and the Carolinas which is the Upper South and escaped to large cities, black communities, and Canada. -
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The Underground Railroad (4)
Conductors or agents would help slaves along the trails and routes and take them to different stations where the stationmasters would protect them for a couple days or so. Then the slaves would have to travel up north along with new conductors until they reached where they wanted to go. -
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The Underground Railroad (3)
Slaves escaped from Kentucky, Virginia, Maryland, Tennessee, and the Carolinas which is the Upper South and escaped to large cities, black communities, and Canada. The Fugitive Slave Act was passed in the Compromise of 1850. This act made any runaways go back to their owners or masters and if free blacks were being accused of being a runaway they had to go down south to be a slave. This made slaves want to escape, so the Underground Railroad helped them. -
The Missouri Compromise (1)
The Missouri Compromise was an important agreement between the north and the south admitting statehood to Missouri. The north wanted Missouri to be a free state and the south wanted it to be a slave state. The north thought that anyone that already is a slave should be freed at 25. The south thought that because slaves and slaveholders already live in the territory that Missouri was in that they should be a slave state. -
The Missouri Compromise (2)
Missouri was then admitted to the Union as a slave state at the same time as Maine was being admitted a free state. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion (4)
The laws continued out through the Civil War and afterwards became known as the Black Codes and still limited what free blacks could do. The rebellion ended up having a negative effect on the slaves by making them want their freedom even more and making their lives even more difficult. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion (1)
I chose this date because this is when they started killing the plantation owners. The leader of the slave rebellion was Nat Turner. Calling out the militia was the first real official response to the rebellion. Most slaves were captured, tried in court, and exucuted if they were found guilty. If they were not found guilty then they were set free. Nat Turner was one of the captured and found guilty. While he was in jail, Thomas Gray, a local lawyer, interviewed him. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion (2)
The Confessions of Nat Turner was a book written by the lawyer informing others of what might have been Turner's confessions. The courts made another decision deciding that the plantation owners would be paid back for the lost slaves. Other than the stories who have been told by slaves who did not participate in the rebellion that hoped that the rebellion would not spread, plantation owners and their families were very nervous after the rebellion. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion (3)
They were nervous because they didn't want the same thing to happen to them. 200 slaves were killed in mob violence after some owners decided to take matters into their own hands in acts of violence. Others states even captured slaves, had them tried in court, and executed for maybe being a part of the rebellion. Southern states started to pass a ton of new laws limiting the activities of slaves. -
The Compromise of 1850 (1)
Henry Clay was called to make a compromise between the north and south on slavery. On the other hand Senator John C. Calhoun did not want a compromise, he believed in states rights. If slavery was not allowed in all Western territories, he thought that all slave states should leave the union. Clay became very sick and could not work on the compromise any longer, so Stephen Douglass took over. -
The Compromise of 1850 (2)
It was passed on September 20, 1850 and had 5 parts. The first part allowed California to join the Union as a free state. The second part decided whether or not western territories won in the Mexican American War. It was decided that voters would choose if they wanted to be slave or free. The third part outlawed slave trade in Washing D.C., but slavery was still allowed. -
The Compromise of 1850 (4)
Many believed that the compromise was just a soulution for right now. They belived that a Civil War was just around the corner. -
The Compromise of 1850 (3)
The fourth part settled the border between Texas and the new western territories. If they settled it, Texas would get $10 million. The fifth part was the biggest part of the compromise. It was the Fugitive Slave Act and anybody that lived in the country had to help capture runaway slaves. Even if a person was born free they could end up being a slave in the south for be acused of being a runaway. The Underground Railroad was most active during this time. -
Kansas - Nebraska Act (1)
I chose this date, because this is when the act was passed. Stephen Douglass introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act. He introduced it because he needed southern support to become president. Kansas and Nebraska needed to become states so railroads could be built to Chicago to develope the west and so Chicago would benefit. It gave Kansas and Nebraska the right of popular sovereignty to become free or slave states. -
Kansas - Nebraska Act (2)
The south supported this act because they thought there was a chance that Kansas and Nebraska would become slave states.The north on the other hand thought Douglass was giving all the power to the south, because the Missouri Compromise already stated that they were both to become free if the applied for statehood. Douglass thought southerners would be okay with this act, because he thought they knew that Kansas and Nebraska would become free states. -
Kansas - Nebraska Act (3)
The Kansas - Nebraska Act was a major leading event to the Civil War and was not very peaceful among the north and south. -
Bleeding Kansas (1)
I chose this date because this is when Border Ruffians ransacked Lawrence, Kansas. Bleeding Kansas began when tension started in the Kansas territory after the Kansas - Nebraska bill became a law. Antislavery settlers from New England moved to Kansas to try to fight against the Slave Power. Free soilers were the ones who wanted to keep the territory of Kansas free of slavery. -
Bleeding Kansas (2)
Proslavery settlers from Missouri moved into Kansas to vote illegally in the territory hoping Kansas would become a slave state. The first act of violence was in Lawrence, Kansas and was started by proslavery supporters. Abolitionist John Brown led other antislavery supporters in an attack on proslavery settlers near Pottawatomie Creek, where they killed 5 proslavery men in front of their families. -
Bleeding - Kansas (3)
The looting in Lawrence and Brown's attack near Pottawatomie Creek started a summer of murderous raids throughout Kansas giving the territory the name "Bleeding Kansas". -
Dred Scott Case (2)
The second court case was deciding if Dred and his family were free and if they actually were allowed to sue for their freedom, considering that they are property. This along with the Kansas-Nebraska Act over ruled the Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1820. -
Dred Scott Case (1)
I chose this date because this is when the Supreme Court decision was issued. Dred Scott was a slave who thought he was a citizen and tried to sue for his freedom, seeing that they lived in a free state, Illinois and Wisconsin. Scott's owner died and his widow hired the Scotts to work for other people. The Scotts first court case was overturned by the State Supreme Court. The Scotts found a lawyer to represent them in court. -
John Brown (1)
I chose this date, because this is when John Brown and 21 other men raided the federal arsenal, Harper's Ferry. John Brown was born a white free-man. He was born in Torrington, Connecticut and moved to Ohio when he was 5. After leaving home with his wife and kids he moved around the country and lived in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Massachusetts. Brown helped finance David Walker's Appeal and Henry Highland's "Call to Rebellion" speech. -
John Brown (2)
He also gave fugitive slaves land. Brown helped establish the League of Gileadites, which protected escaped slaves from slave catchers. He moved to North Elba, a black community, to be a "kind father to them". He was a leader of antislavery guerillas. Brown fought in attacks against antislavery towns, on the anitslavery side of course. Brown and his "army" raided a federal arsenal and were captured and Brown was hanged. -
The Election of 1860 (1)
I chose this date because this was the day the election was held on. The election had 4 parties to choose from, Republican (Abraham Lincoln), Northern Democrat (Stephen Douglass), Southern Democrat (John Breckinridge), and Constitutional Union (John Bell). The north voted Republican and the south voted democrat and the border states, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia, voted Constitutional Union. -
The Election of 1860 (2)
The Republicans wanted to end slavery, but Abraham Lincoln was moderate and just didn't want slavery to expand. On the other hand Democrats wanted to continue slavery and expand it. Abraham Lincoln won the election without one single southern vote. There was more white men living in the north than the south so the north had more electoral votes. The south did not believe this was fair so South Carolina decided to secede the Union. -
The Election of 1860 (3)
By the time of Lincoln's innauguration 6 other states had left the Union. Lincoln still considered them Union and not Confederate. -
Attack on Fort Sumter (2)
The Confederates formed a "Circle of Fire" around the fort. When General Anderson refused to surrender fire was opened on the fort. The attack lasted about 24 hours before it was captured. The fort was easy to capture because it was isolated. -
Attack on Fort Sumter (1)
I chose this date because this was the date that fire was opened on the fort. Fort Sumter was a Union fort on an island in the Charleston Harbor in South Carolina. Confederate forts and batteries surrounded it. The Union tried to send supply ships to the fort but were turned around by confederates. The second time a supply ship was sent Lincoln told South Carolina's governor what he was doing. The president, Jefferson Davis, told Beauregard to demand that General Anderson surrender the fort.
