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400
Illuminated Manuscripts
Hand written book decorated with brilliant dyes, gold, and silver. Owned by rich people who can't read. -
Mar 25, 1054
Great Schism
Happened in 1054, the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches split. It’s important because it’s the first split of the Christian Church. -
Mar 25, 1066
William the Conqueror
Norman king who conquered in England in 1066 (on Christmas day). It’s important because he drastically changed the English language. -
Mar 25, 1089
Lay Investiture
A common person (King) gives bishops power. It is important because it led to complex between popes and kings (Greg and Henry). -
Period: Mar 25, 1095 to Mar 25, 1291
Crusades
Series of Holy Wars, trying to take land and capture Jerusalem, Largely unsuccessfully for the Catholic Church. It’s important because it established conflict between the Christian and Muslim Worlds. -
Dec 21, 1118
Thomas Becket
Archbishop of England who was murdered in a conflict with King Henry. It’s important because he showed the power struggle between the church and the state in the Middle Ages. -
Mar 25, 1330
Bubonic Plauque
A disease that ravished in Europe killing 1of 3 people. Important because it stopped academic achievement in Europe. It caused people to change their view on religion. -
Feb 9, 1347
Bubonic Plague
Disease that killed 1 of 3 people. Normal life falls apart -
Period: Feb 9, 1400 to
Renaissanca Art
Paintings and scultures of distinct descent. Perspective, shading, light, and naturalism. -
Feb 9, 1412
Trial of Joan of Arc
Born a peasant, started to get visions of saints Margret, Catherine, and Michael. She gets granted as a knight and led them in battle and was very victorious. -
Mar 25, 1412
Joan of Arc
A French girl (12-18) who seen visions of Saints (Margret, Michael, and Catherine) and helped France defeat England in the 100 years war. She is important because she was a female knight who led her troops to victory by driving England out of France. -
Feb 9, 1439
John Gutenbuerg
Prints the first full edition of the Bible. First major work printed in the "west". Behind about 600 years of Asia. -
Period: Feb 12, 1450 to
Witch Hunts
Many were accused of being a witch, they usually used scapegoats. In Germany, Switzerland, and France victims were killed. When wars of religion ended so did persecution of witches. -
Apr 15, 1452
Leonardo Da Vinci
He was a renaissance man who … He is important because his study of the human body led to medical advances. -
Mar 25, 1483
Martin Luther
Religious figure who protested corruption in the Catholic Church. He is important because his 95 theses led to Lutheranism and the Protestant Reformation. -
Mar 25, 1485
Hernan Cortes
Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec people. Important because his treatment towards the Aztecs showed how Spain dehumanized Native people. -
Mar 25, 1492
Reconquesta
700 year war in which the Spanish drove the Muslims out of Spain. Ended in 1492. Important because it gave them the necessary mindset and technology to take over America later. -
Jul 7, 1494
Treaty of Torsedillas
July 7, 1494. Line that on one side was Spain and one side was Portuga, this was important because it didn’t work, other nations had interest in world colonization. -
Period: Apr 28, 1500 to
Europeans in Africa
1500-1700 many Europeans traveled along the African coast; although, disease and difficult geography kept them from traveling to the interior. Important becuase it waschanged by medical advances and steamships in 1800’s. -
Mar 25, 1504
Encomienda System
Spanish economic system of government. Attempt to Christianize and profit off Natives. Important because killed millions of natives and led to depopulation. -
Feb 18, 1516
Mary I
AKA Bloody Mary, Queen of England, wanted to make England Catholic. She is important because she showed the power struggle between the church and the state in the middle ages. -
Feb 9, 1517
Martin Luther
Catholic monk who triggered protests and wrote 95 Theses about how he wanted to change the church. -
Period: Feb 9, 1517 to
Protestant Reformation
Church is fighting wars, building churches, and exporting oney from average church goers. They create indulgences to get money. Important because this is the split of the church. -
Feb 10, 1534
Break with Rome
Henry took over the English Church and passed laws through parliment. He eventually got power from the pope. 1534, Act of Supremacy made Henry “the only supreme head on Earth of the Church of England”. Henry just wanted to divorce his wife, so he had his own church. -
Period: Mar 10, 1550 to
Spain's Golden Age
Golden Age was for brilliance of its arts. Philip II was a patron of the arts and also founded academies od science and mathematics. -
Feb 10, 1559
Elizabethan Settlement
Queen’s policies were a compromise, or acceptable middle ground, between protestant and Catholic practices. -
Period: Apr 26, 1564 to
William Shakespeare
English poet/playwrite. 37 plays and created more than 1700 "original" words. -
Period: Feb 16, 1567 to
Samuel de Champlain
Explorer, geographer, and mapmaker. Founder and first governer of Quebec, Father of New France (French colonial empire in North America). -
Japan invades Korea
Japan invaded Korea and destroyed it. -
John Locke
English philosopher known for his enlightenment ideas. important because he created the Natural Rights of Philosophy (lead to American and French revolutions). -
Manchu Empire
Empire that conquered the Ming Dynasty and restricted western trade. Important because they created the capital Beijing. -
Shaka Zulu
Most influential monarch in the Zulu Kingdom. Important because he unified rival to fight the Boers in South Africa. -
Sierra Leone
1787 British organized Sierra Leone in West Africa as a colony for former slaves. Important becuase Former slaves can go back to Africa -
Storming of the Bastille
Fortress that held political prisoners, thought to have weapons, people attack government soldiers, important because it was the beginning of the French Revolution. -
Tennis Court Oath
Estates were agreeing to rebel against the monarchy in France. Important because it was the first step in the third estate forming an organized government and lead to the French Revolution. -
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte- was born in Corsica (French ruled island in the Mediterranean), into a family of minor nobles, and at age 9 he was sent to France to train for military career
Important be was a very victorious leader, became a self-made emperor (1804), and created the Napoleonic Code. -
Explorers in Africa
1800’s explorers began to travel to the interior. Mungo Park and Richard Burton set to map the great rivers of Africa like the Nile, Niger, and Congo. important becuase many European powers started to send more people over. -
Dr. David Livingstone
Dr. David Lvingstone traveled Africa. He wrote about the many peoples he met and had little bias (compared to other Europeans). He also converted the AFricans to Christianity to end slavery. He is important becuase he spent 30 years trying to change their ways. -
Battle of Austerlitz
Napoleon had won against Austro-Russian army of superior numbers -
Battle of Wagram
Austrians tried to get revenge, but Napoleon had won the Battle Wagram -
French invades Russia
more than 400,000 soldiers from France and other countries invaded Russia
Russians ran eastward avoiding battle with France, they burned crops that were behind them
Left France cold and hungry as winter came (“scorched earth” policy)
Important becuase Napoleon had rushed to Paris to raise a new force to defend France, reputation for success was ruined -
Period: to
Gethering of Leaders
Congress met from September 1814 to June 1815
Diplomats and royalty enjoyed parties and things arranged by Emperor Francis I of Austria
Keeping the minor players busy the real work landed on Prince Clemens von Metternich of Austria, Czar Alexander I of Russia, and Lord Robert Castlereagh of Britain
France was represented by Prince Charles Maurice de Talleyrand -
British ban slavery
Important because they end slavery in Britain. -
Period: to
Victorian Age
Longest era in English history. Characteristics of the eraespectability, duty, thrift, honesty. Important because the British middle class is established. -
Liberia
Some blacks from the US settled in nearby Liberia and in 1847 Liberia became a independent republic. Important becuase Liberia is one of two countries that are independant. -
Working Conditions
British improve their working conditions. Important because it is no longer a bad enviornment to work in. -
Napoleon III
Takes power after the 1848 revolution. He declares the second empire. Changed the monarcy to a dictatorship (there was voting but he rigged it). He has the paper saying good things about him. Otto von Bismarck gets them to go into war when France is not prepared and Naopleon III is captured. -
Death penalty
Britain set limits to the death penalty, important becuse you could no longer just off and kill anyone (the court couldn't do this anymore). They had said oif you do this then you get the dwath penalty, not just if you get in trouble and someone thinks you should be killed. -
Henry Stanley
1869 journalist Henry Stanley set out to find Livingstone who was not heard from for many years. Important becuase he said the famous phrase, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" and was later sent by King Leopold II to map out Africa. -
Paris Commune
The 1871 movement created the French Rebels. They wouldn't give up so it ended in a bloodbath. Their goal was to distribute societies wealth. -
Adolf Hitler
German leader, he is important because he is responsible for the holocaust -
Castro gained power in Cuba
Communist leader gains power 90 miles from the US.America is concerned that Castro will be like other communist leaders and take advantage of the people. Important because, Increase tensionsThere is a communist presence in the Western Hemisphere -
Warsaw Pact falls apart
Eastern European countries were free to settle their own affairs. This is important because it withdrew the Warsaw Pact and made the Soviet troops leave; Soviet power then started to crumble. -
Period: to
Vietnam War
US helped fight Vietnamese civil war to stop the spread of communism. America believes communism is spreading terror throughout the world. US has a moral obligation to stop communism. Important because, Increase tension. US is trying to stop the spread of communism. -
Launch of Sputnik
Russia launched the first satellite on October 6, 1957. Russia’s satellite orbits the earth over the US twice a day. US does not have the same technology. Important because, Increases tensions. US worries that Russia would use Sputnik for spying or war. -
Bay of Pigs Invasion
US starts help an anti-communist rebellion Cuba.US/Cuba conflict is leading to worldwide tensions over communism. Important because, Increases tensions. The US secretly tries to overthrow a communist leader. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Russia had nuclear weapons stored in Cuba.Kennedy calmly and coolly informs Russia to remove weapons. Russia does. Important because, Increase tensions. Closest we’ve come to nuclear war. -
Democracy Movement
This movement was going through Eastern Europe. This is important because it made communist governments fall one by one.
NATO (North Atlantic Trade Organization) -
Tiananmen Square Massacre
Unarmed civilians being attacked and killed by the Chinese army.Communist tried to suppress change. Shows that citizens are unhappy with communism. Important because, Decreases tension. It shows that communism may destroy itself. -
Re-Unification of Germany
Berlin wall is about to be destroyed. People are crossing the boarder.Shows the communism is near the end. Important because, Decrease tension. Shows that Russia is becoming less extreme. Cold War is coming near the end. -
Soviet Union Dissolves
Soviet Union falls apart. Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus all leave.Shows that USSR is dead. Important because, Countries are moving to capitalism. -
NATO military alliance
Poland, Hungary, and Czech Republic became members of the NATO military alliance. Important because they assumed a greater role in international affairs. -
Stalin
Leader of Soviet Union. He is important because