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Events In Which Aboriginal Peoples in Canada Tried To Gain Voice and Agency
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The Lavell Case (+1)
After marrying a non-native man, Jeannette Lavell lost her status as an Aboriginal. She went to court over this matter, disputing this as a discriminatory act. She won her court case, making Section 12 of the Indian Act discriminatory, thus allowing women to marry non-native men without losing their status. -
The Oka Crisis (0)
Mohawk Warriors had to set up a blockade in order to stop an expansion towards their burial land to build a golf course. This led to violence between them and the provincial police. Eventually, the army was called. In the very end, the golf course was never built, and the Mohawk people feel that they found their voice because of the crisis. -
The Meech Lake Accord (+1)
Elijah Harper made his voice heard by not consenting and disputing the Meech Lake Accord on the grounds that it failed to recognize Aboriginal rights. He had also started procedural delays. Eventually, the accord collapsed and Elijah Harper won his case against it. -
The Ipperwash Crisis (-1)
Many Aboriginals took to the Ipperwash Provincial Park to demand the returning of the land that was taken from them in World War 2. The government were not returning the land, which is what led to the frustrated Aboriginals and their protest. The OPP were deployed in the park. There was a confusion between sides that ended up in violence, which ultimately resulted in the death of protester Dudley George. The land was eventually returned in 2007. -
The Royal Commission on Aboriginal People (+1)
This commission was formed in the wake of the Oka Crisis. The commission's report found that the relationship between Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals must change as a whole and would soon be looked at as a history standpoint in Indigenous studies. -
Nisga'a Land Treaty (+2)
The Nisga'a signed a treaty with the government to gain back for 2000 square km of land and paying them a compensation of $190 million for the release of the rest of their land. The negotiator of the deal represented 5500 Nisga'a and their voices were all heard. -
The Creation of Nunavut (+1)
The creation of Nunavut brought the introduction of a full province of an Inuit population and is equal amongst all the other provinces in terms of its own Supreme Court and the same powers as any other federal territory. -
The Six Nations and Caledonia (Least)
Members of the Six Nations set up many barricades around housing in Caledonia, Ontario to demand their land back because of the fact that it was taken from them in the 1840s. To this day, the land claims have not been given to them. -
Shannen Koostachin (-1)
Shannen Koostachin had met with the Indian Affairs Minister, Chuck Strahl, to demand for a "safe and comfy" school for her community. However, she was declined. The Department of Indian and Northern Affairs promised to build a new school but went back on this many times. -
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People (+2)
Canada had inscribed the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People, which is where all the rights of Indigenous people were to be protected by all governments, everywhere. -
Idle No More (Most)
This movement used social media to bring all Indigenous peoples and join together for a peaceful revolution. Many peaceful protests took place for many different issues that were going on in the Indigenous community. -
The Truth and Reconciliation Final Report (+2)
The Truth and Reconciliation releases their final report, talking about the residential schools and its effects on children and showing 94 "calls to action" related to First Nations peoples and how to fix the relationships between them.
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