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Queen Elizabeth I was born on September 7, 1533. She was the daughter of Henry VIII and, his second wife, Anne Boleyn. Her birth was one of the most exciting events in the 16th century, she was expected to be a boy, a prince, but ended up being a girl. This event is significant because Elizabeth I later becomes the Queen of England. (Queen Elizabeth I).
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In 1541 John Knox lead a reformation school in Scotland. He continued to make history in 1560. This was significant because he ended up establishing a Presbyterian church. ("1500-1599 (A.D.) World History").
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In 1543 Nicolaus Copernicus published "On the Revolution of Heavenly Bodies". This was significant because it allowed Nicolaus to share a theory. The theory was that the Earth revolves around the sun. ("1500-1599 (A.D.) World History").
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In 1547 Ivan IV was crowned as the Czar. While Czar he battles nobles for power. He also kills his son, and then dies. He is succeeded by his son Fyodor I. This is significant because he starts the conquest of Astrakhan and Kazan. ("1500-1599 (A.D.) World History").
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In 1556, Akbar the Great becomes Mogul emperor of India. This is significant because while emperor he conquers Afghanistan. Also he continues wars of conquest. ("1500-1599 (A.D.) World History").
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In 1558, Queen Elizabeth I appointed Sir William Cecil as chief secretary. Queen Elizabeth and Sir William Cecil were both cautious and conservative, they both knew their position in the face of Spain and France. Together they realized that balancing the continental powers was the key to success. This is significant because together they figured out a way to balance France and Spain against eachother, leaving no one to bare against England. ("Elizabeth I" 263-266).
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In April 1559, Queen Elizabeth I refused to witness a Catholic ritual. Previous to the reign of Elizabeth, Queen Mary had given in under pressure and changed to Catholicism but Elizabeth refused and instead, reintroduced protestantism. This event was important because Queen Elizabeth managed to avert further religious bloodshed and she became supreme governer of the Church of England. (Phillips 114).
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In 1561 French religious wars begin again with massacre of Huguenots at Vassy. In St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, thousands of Huguenots were murdered.The Persecution continued periodically. This was important because the Edict of Nantes gave the Huguenots religious freedom. ("1500-1599 (A.D.) World History").
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In 1568, The Protestant Netherlands revolted against Catholic Spain. This caused a war. This event is significant because independence was be acknowledged by Spain in 1648. ("1500-1599 (A.D.) World History").
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In the mid 1570's Elizabeth's court was in action. This event was significant because the running costs of the court brought in several hundred pounds a week. It also provided Queen Elizabeth I with the most valuable jewelry in Europe. (Phillips 114-121).
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On September 26, 1580 Francis Drake completed the circumnavigation of the world, in which Queen Elizabeth I had given him permission to do. This event is significant because in result of the Queen allowing Francis to voyage England was able to plunder Spanish territories and riches. Also to attack Numbre de Dios and leave with great riches. And lastly, steal silver and return to England with the most New World riches ever seen. (Phillips 114-121).
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In the mid 1580's, Queen Elizabeth officially refused to marry. This caused the accesion of James I peaceful due to wisdom of her policy. She believed the Queen should be a virgin throughout her life. This event is important because by Elizabeth refusing to marry she held strong foreign relations and a further general policy of balancing continental powers.
("Elizabeth I" 263-266). -
In 1585 Queen Elizabeth I backed up the dutch protestans in a rebellion against Spanish rule. She declined soveriegnty of Netherlands if she gave military force. However she agreed to send 7,000 people of a strong army as a protector of the Netherlands. This event was significant because it gave England an alliance with the rebels. (Phillips 121).
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On February 8,1587 Mary Queen of Scots was executed under the sign of her death warrant by Queen Elizabeth I. This event was significant because Queen Elizabeth knew that Mary was a threat. Therefore Elizabeth took Mary into house of arrest and signed her death warrant. She was wise enough to safe herself from the threat along with England. ("Elizabeth I Queen of England").
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In 1588 Queen Elizabeth defeated the Spanish Armada. This event was important because is safeguarded her religions settlement, prevented bloodbath, and boosted the reputation of the fleet. It also gained growing self confidence of England, and lastly a shift in power from Catholic southern Europe to Protestant Northern countries. (Phillips 114-121).
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On March 24, 1603 Queen Elizabeth is announced dead. She died in Richmond Palace, Surrey. This event is significant because she passed the throne in a peaceful accession to James I, son of Mary Queen of Scots. (Hudson 90-92).
