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The Pendleton Civil Service Act was a federal law that established a merit system for people to get jobs. It was enacted on January 16th, 1883. -
From the 1890s to the 1920s, the Progressive Era in the United States of America was marked by intense civic change and electoral change. Women from the middle class or Christian ministers were popular among progressive reformers.
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The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was a law that was passed on July 2nd, 1890. The law prohibited the restriction of trade or commerce through the use of contracts, combinations, or conspiracies. -
Ida B. Wells was a journalist and activist for Black Americans’ rights. Her book, “Lynch Law in all its Phases,” advocated for equal rights and against lynching. It was published in 1892. -
The Homestead Strike was an industrial lockout and strike which began on July 1, 1892. -
The Pullman Strike was a widespread railroad strike and boycott that severely disrupted rail traffic in the Midwest of the United States in May–July 1894. -
Booker T. Washington was chosen to give the opening speech at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia, on September 18, 1895. This was the first time an African American gave a speech in front of a racially diverse audience in the South. -
Theodore Roosevelt is inaugurated as the 26th president of the United States. -
On December 17, 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright made four brief flights at Kitty Hawk with their first powered aircraft. The Wright brothers had invented the first successful airplane. -
The laws required certified, trained officials to inspect all animals before slaughter to ensure their health. Any found diseased would not be fit for eating. -
On March 25, 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Company factory in New York City burned, killing 146 workers. It is remembered as one of the most infamous incidents in American industrial history, as the deaths were largely preventable–most of the victims died as a result of neglected safety features and locked doors within the factory building. -
On October 1, 1908, the first production Model T Ford is completed at the company’s Piquette Avenue plant in Detroit. -
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights group in the United States that was established in 1909 by civil rights leader W.E.B. DuBois as an interracial effort to advance justice for African Americans.
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William Taft is inaugurated as the 27th president of the United States. -
The 16th Amendment was ratified on February 3rd, 1913, and gave the government the ability to enact a nationwide income tax. -
The Woman Suffrage Procession was the first suffragist parade in Washington, D.C., taking place in 1913. It was also the first large-scale, politically motivated march on Washington. -
Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated as the 28th president of the United States. -
The 17th Amendment was ratified on April 8th, 1913, and it provided for the direct election of U.S. senators by the voters of the states. -
The Ludlow Massacre was a mass killing perpetrated by anti-striker militia during the Colorado Coalfield War. The strikers were protesting low pay and abysmal working conditions in the coalfields of Colorado. -
The superintendent of the Occoquan Workhouse, W.H. Whittaker, directed nearly forty guards to brutalize the suffragists on November 14, 1917, remembered as the "Night of Terror." Lucy Burns was beaten, her hands were handcuffed to the cell bars above her head, and she was left there for the night. -
The 18th Amendment was ratified on January 6th, 1919, and prohibited the "manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors..." -
The 19th Amendment was ratified on August 18th, 1920, and it stated that the right to vote could not be denied on the basis of sex (women were given the right to vote). -
On November 2, 1920, KDKA broadcasted the first commercial broadcast in the United States (a term coined by Conrad himself). They chose that date because it was election day, and people could hear the results of the Harding-Cox presidential race before reading about it in the newspaper, demonstrating the influence of radio.
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