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French composer, teacher, keyboardist, influential in modern tonality; stage works, choral music, vocal and orchestral works, chamber music, piano works.
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Austrian composer where some orchestral works represent Maximalism. Known for Lieder.
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Introduced musical Impressionism in France. Most important French composer of the early 20th century. Composer of Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun" (1894) which was based on a tone poem (symphonic poem) by the symbolist Stephane Mallarme's poem.
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English composer of German descent; stage works, orchestral, choral and chamber music.
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Composer of tone poems and some of the first modern operas. Works also represent maximalism.
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Not an impressionist, but a leader in new French aesthetics on which impressionism was built; dramatic works, songs, piano works, writings.
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Inventor of 12-tone music, teacher of Webern and Berg; operas, symphonies, choral and chamber music, canons, piano works, writings.
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American, innovated atonality, original, creative; piano works, symphonies, orchestral sets, choral music, band music, chamber music.
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English, influenced by folksong and Hindu mysticism; orchestral works, stage works, choral, chamber works, songs.
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French composer, innovator in pianistic style; operas, ballets, orchestral, vocal and piano works.
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Italian composer, used impressionism; stage works, concertos, tone poems, vocal and piano works.
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Composed vigorous, repetitive ostinatos in "Rite of Spring" (1913) which demonstrated the musical aspects of Primitivism.
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French-American; created new musical timbres and modern orchestration techniques in non-tonal music.
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Known for musical brevity and clarity of texture, uses pointillism; symphonies, orchestral works, chamber and choral music.
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Expressive language, often atonal; opera, orchestral works, concertos, chamber music.
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Chord progression rules were abandoned and all chords were treated equally. Anti-German, French lead, sense of vagueness.
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Where musical elements, expression, and chromaticism are pushed to the extreme. Music was thick with motives and themes and often used in an orchestra.
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Russian, "Peter and the Wolf" (1936); symphonies, concertos, operas, film scores, dramatic music, ballets.
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Death toll of an estimated 6,000 to 8,000 people.
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Boldest expressions against Romanticism. Composers Satie and Faure publicly spoofed the Wagnerian style.
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Invent the first successful airplane.
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Emerged in Germany, all twelve notes were treated equally, atonality was created.
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Used textures, topics, and forms from the 18th century and combined them with modern harmony, tonality, and timbres.
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A Western visual art movement that borrowed non-Western subjects, often naive or folk-like in nature.
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Anti-art movement in which artists and poets reacted against war and the bourgeois in Europe.
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Emerged from West African cultural and musical expression.
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A composition style that focused on musical elements other than pitch.
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Precipitates the Great Depression.