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ca. 1500 Spanish settlers introduce sugar-cane cultivation to the West Indies
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Colonial sugar industry 1500 to 1800
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Distribution of Technology in the 1600's
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Image of a mill in Hispaniola producing sugar.
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A breakthrough to a more effective means of milling sugar cane. A new design of mill crushed cane between three vertically mounted cones or cylinders.
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Furnace was used by English, and beginning to be adopted by French, Duch, and Spanish plantations.
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Sheet erosion and gullying become increasing problems in islands like Barbados, the effects of the sugar cane wreaking havock on the envoirnment and depleating natural recources.
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French Caribbean
545 slaves disembarked -
British Caribbean
27,206 slaves disembarked -
In response to sheet erosion, plantations adopted a meathod of planting called cane-holing. Rather than planting the sugar cane in trenches, slaves divided the plantation into 5sq foot plots of land. In these thay dg holes and lined them with manure in an attempt to preserve the land and prevent the rapid runoff of rainwater.
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The three-cylinder mill in widespread use for sugar processing.
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Plantations turn to burning Bagasse for fuel. Due to the high cost and consumption and the "want for wood".
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Danish West Indies
18,146 slaves disembarked -
French Caribbean
38,140 slaves disembarked -
British Caribbean
283,270 slaves disembarked -
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Manure widley used to replenish the fertility of land as the repeated planting of sugar cane deplenished the fertility of the soil.
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Spanish cession of St. Domingue to French
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Introduction of rice to the americas proves the est sollution to the long-running problem of feeding slaves.
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Brittish Caribbean
637,620 slaves disembarked -
French Caribbean
294,471 slaves disembarked -
Danish West Indies
12,574 slaves disembarked -
Plans for the heavy irrigation of the Artibotite Plain put into action, the optential of the aea not quite realized as it was one of the areas with the highest rainfall in St. Domingue.
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Europe begins to expand Industry, beginning he next cucle of production of the plantations.
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Tradition and Innovation in the American Sugar Industry, c. 1500-1800: An Explanation
J. H. Galloway
Annals of the Association of American Geographers , Vol. 75, No. 3 (Sep., 1985), pp. 334-351 Satisfying the "Want for Labouring People": European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocea
Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. on behalf of the Association of American Geographers
Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2562638 Bulliet. "An Earth and Its peoples". 2008, Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. -
Otaheiti Cane becomes the principal cane of the American sugar industry due to its thikness. This occured despite resistance from small farmers who found the thicker cane more difficult and costly to process.
