APUSH Review: Bailey Ratcliff

  • Pontiac's Rebellion

    Pontiac's Rebellion
    Pontiac's Rebellion was an attack led by Chief Pontiac against the colonial western frontier because Native Americans became angered by the western encroachment of land and the British refusal to offer gifts as the French had done. This rebellion was important because it was the first major test of the new British imperial policy.
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    Period 3

    The American Revolution and it's occurrences.
  • Stamp Act

    Stamp Act
    The Stamp Act was an act that required revenue stamps to be placed on most printed documents including legal documents and newspapers put in act to raise funds for the British military forces. This is important because it helped pay off the debt from the French-Indian War and also helped to unite the colonists against the unfair taxing done by the British parliament.
  • Townshend Acts

    Townshend Acts
    The Townshend Acts were a list of laws passed by the British parliament that taxed paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea. This act was important because it was another point to add to the colonists grievances and these acts really expedited protesting amongst the colonists.
  • Boston Massacre

    Boston Massacre
    The Boston Massacre occurred when a crowd of colonists harassed British guards near customs homes and guards fired into the crowd, killing 5. This event is important because it helped unite the colonists against Britain and became a vital moment for the kick off of the American Revolution.
  • Boston Tea Party

    Boston Tea Party
    The Boston Tea Party was the colonist's response to the Townshend Acts of 1767. In the Tea Party itself, colonists met up dressed as Native Americans, boarded British ships, and dumped 342 chests of the tea into Boston Harbor as a response to the increased taxes on goods including tea. The importance of this event was the fact that it fueled tensions between Britain and America and put the Intolerable Acts into place.
  • First Continental Congress

    First Continental Congress
    This was a meeting where delegates from the colonies met to discuss Britain's alarming threats to colonial liberties. The importance of this Congress was the outcome of the repeal of the Intolerable Acts and it encouraged rebellion against the British parliament which helped aid independence and the revolution.
  • Second Continental Congress

    Second Continental Congress
    This Continental Congress was a meeting of the thirteen colonies which united during the American Revolutionary War. This Congress was designed as a form of government to organize and direct the colonies. This Congress was important because it laid foundations for government and eventually created the Articles of Confederation.
  • Declaration of Independence

    Declaration of Independence
    The Declaration of Independence is a document written by five Continental Congress delegates that included a list of grievances and expressed principles justifying revolution. This Declaration was important because it ultimately led to American independence from Britain and outlines vital principals giving human rights.
  • Ratification of the Articles of Confederation

    Ratification of the Articles of Confederation
    The Articles of Confederation was the first written constitution of the United States that established central government and a strong state government because colonists feared powerful federal governments. The Articles of Confederation was important because it was the first written constitution for the U.S. and it's weaknesses paved the way for future documents. It also allowed the U.S. to run smoothly for a few years, adding to it's importance.
  • Shay's Rebellion

    Shay's Rebellion
    Shay's Rebellion in Massachusetts was when Daniel Shay led rebel farmers in a protest against economic and civil rights injustices that was put down by a local army. This rebellion was important because it capitalized on the weak government under the Articles of Confederation and helped expedite the writing of the new Constitution.
  • Signing of the Constitution

    Signing of the Constitution
    The Constitution is a written document that established the basic laws of the United States of America and the national frame of government. The Constitution is important because it ensured laws for citizens and improved the power of the U.S. government. The Constitution is still a governing-document today, expanding on it's importance.
  • Bill of Rights

    Bill of Rights
    The Bill of Rights were ten amendments added to the Constitution which guaranteed basic individual rights. The Bill of Rights was important because it not only secured human rights but was also what allowed for the Constitution to pass by Anti-Federalists.
  • Creation of the National Bank

    Creation of the National Bank
    The First National Bank was created by Hamilton to store government funding, create a standard currency, and help stabilize the economy after war debt. The creation of this bank is important because it created controversy among the Federalists and Anti-Federalists and affected the economy and politics for years to come.
  • Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

    Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
    The Resolutions were political statements drafted in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures found the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional. This was important because it established the idea that states had the power to nullify unconstitutional federal laws.
  • Revolution of 1800

    Revolution of 1800
    The Revolution of 1800 was when Democratic Republican vice president Thomas Jefferson defeated Federalist president John Adams. This is important because it was the first time in history that power was passed peacefully between parties.
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    Period 4 Part 1

  • Louisiana Purchase

    Louisiana Purchase
    The acquisition of the territory of Louisiana by the United States from France in 1803 conducted by Thomas Jefferson. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States. This event was important because it enabled more westward expansion and eliminated the French threat in the U.S.
  • Embargo Act

    Embargo Act
    The Embargo Act was a law passed by the United State Congress that prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. The importance of this law was the fact that it failed. This act was extremely detrimental to the economy and impacted the industries for the following years.
  • War of 1812

    War of 1812
    A war between the British and Americans caused by impressment, British forts on U.S. soil, and the want for Canada. This war was important because it destroyed the federalist party.
  • Hartford Convention

    Hartford Convention
    The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings in which New England federalists met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812. The importance of this convention was the fact that it ended the Federalist party and lost public sentiment towards those who were federalists.
  • Election of 1816

    Election of 1816
    In the election of 1816, democratic republican, James Monroe, defeated federalist, Rufus King. Upon Monroe's election began the Era of Good Feelings and a somewhat trend of peace in the nation for the time being. This election was important because it created a singular political party, the Democratic-Republicans.
  • Panic of 1819

    Panic of 1819
    The Panic of 1819 was the first major financial crisis in the United States caused by a decline in cotton prices, a decline of credit by the Bank of the United States designed to stop inflation, an 1817 congressional order requiring hard-currency payments for land purchases, and the closing of many factories due to foreign competition. This panic was important because it transitioned the United States' colonial commercial status with Europe to an independent economy.
  • McCulloch vs Maryland

    McCulloch vs Maryland
    McCulloch vs Maryland was a court case in the supreme court that involved the legality of the national bank and a tax that the state of Maryland imposed on it. The importance of this case was that it established the powers of the federal government (implied powers).
  • Missori Compromise

    Missori Compromise
    The Missouri Compromise was the decision that settled the issue of slavery in Missouri. The end result of this compromise was that Missouri was made a slave state, Maine was a free state, and slavery was prohibited North of 36, 30 North. This compromise was important because it spoke volumes about the issue of slavery and was a step towards fixing it and it also was a big deal for sectionalism found in the fact that it divided the North and the South further.
  • Denmark Vesey Slave Revolt

    Denmark Vesey Slave Revolt
    The Denmark Vesey Slave Revolt was a slave revolt Vesey planned in South Carolina as an attempt to become free from slavery. Vesey's plan was to get a group of slaves together and kill their slaveholders, however, their plan was discovered and led to detrimental consequences for those involved. This revolt was important because it showed the growing resistance towards slavery and impacted later revolters such as Nat Turner.
  • Monroe Doctrine

    Monroe Doctrine
    Doctrine created by President Monroe that forbid European intervention and harming presence in the Western Hemisphere. This doctrine was important because it allowed for more western expansion due to the fact that foreign threat was eliminated.
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    Period 4 Part 2

  • Completion of the Erie Canal

    Completion of the Erie Canal
    The Erie Canal is a man-made canal that creates easy transportation between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean via the Hudson River. The importance of this canal is that is helped improve the economy and created a new way to conduct international trade.
  • Tariff of Abominations

    Tariff of Abominations
    The Tariff of Abominations was a protective tariff passed by the Congress designed to protect industry in the Northern United States. This tariff was important because it was the one that South Carolina considered unconstitutional, kicking off the nullification crisis and resulting in the south rallying together against it.
  • Indian Removal Act

    Indian Removal Act
    The Indian Removal Act was an act passed by Andrew Jackson that authorized the president to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. The Indian Removal Act was important because it removed Indians from their homeland and forced them into land that they were not familiar in. This act hurt so many Indians and broke many treaties, still impacting legislation today.
  • Worcester vs Georgia

    Worcester vs Georgia
    Worcester vs Georgia was a supreme court case caused by the idea that the Cherokee Nation was a separate political entity that could not be regulated by the state. The importance of this case was the fact that it came to the conclusion that only the federal government could regulate Native American land.
  • Creation of the Whig Party

    Creation of the Whig Party
    The Whig Party was created as a result of Andrew Jackson's policies, those who were apart of this party opposed Jacksonian policies. The creation of the Whig party was important because it was the second time in U.S. history that there were two political parties and it impacted future elections in that way.
  • Texas Declared Independence from Mexico

    Texas Declared Independence from Mexico
    Texas wanted independence from Mexico because Santa Anna sought to centralize power in Mexico. This was important because it created more talk about slavery and led to the U.S. and other nation's to converse about annexing Texas.
  • Panic of 1837

    Panic of 1837
    The Panic of 1837 was an economic recession caused by the economic policies of President Jackson, who created the Specie Circular and refusal to renew charter of the second bank of the U.S. This panic was important because it severely hurt the economy of the United States and also stirred widespread opposition of Jackson and the Democrats.
  • Horace Mann Elected Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education

    Horace Mann Elected Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education
    Horace Mann was elected onto the board of education. His election resulted in an extended curriculum, improved teachers, and ways to fund education through the government. Mann's election was important because it shaped education as we know it today. Without Mann's policies, education would not be as advanced. For the period, Mann's election allowed for a better educated youth that would affect later years because the next generation was educated and more well-rounded.
  • Second Great Awakening

    Second Great Awakening
    The Second Great Awakening was a movement that focused on the idea that spiritual reform comes from within. The importance of this movement is the fact that it sparked various reform movements that would impact later years and expedite the state of the nation such as the temperance, prison reform, abolitionism, women's rights, and Utopian societies.
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    Period 5

  • Mexican-American War

    Mexican-American War
    The Mexican-American War was a war between the U.S. and Mexico that spanned from spring 1846 to fall 1847. The war was instigated by the United States and ended in Mexico's defeat and the loss of approximately half of its national territory in the north. This war was important because it helped fulfill manifest destiny and gave the U.S. more land to settle causing later disputes regarding this land.
  • Seneca Falls Convention

    Seneca Falls Convention
    The Seneca Falls Convention was a women's rights convention organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott. At this convention, the Declaration of Sentiments which called upon women to fight for their rights. The importance of this convention was that it kicked off the women's suffrage movement and earned women a new respect and recognition that led to the potential gaining of rights and feminist movement.
  • Compromise of 1850

    Compromise of 1850
    The Compromise of 1850 was was introduced by Henry Clay as resolutions so California could become a free state. The Fugitive Slave Act was amended and the slave trade in Washington, D.C., was abolished as a result of this Compromise. This Compromise was important because it furthered discussion about slavery and free states and sparked later movements along with finding a solution to issues with the land acquired at the time.
  • Fugitive Slave Act

    Fugitive Slave Act
    The Fugitive Slave Act was an act passed by Congress in which slaves were required to be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state and it also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves. The significance of this act was that it furthered discussion about slavery and converted many previously indifferent northerners to antislavery
  • Kansas-Nebraska Act

    Kansas-Nebraska Act
    This act allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. This Act was significant because it repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and mandated popular sovereignty.
  • Uncle Tom's Cabin

    Uncle Tom's Cabin
    Uncle Tom's Cabin is a novel published by Harriet Beecher Stowe as a reaction to the tightening fugitive slave laws that detailed real-life events of slavery. This novel was significant because it had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War.
  • Dred Scott Case

    Dred Scott Case
    The Dred Scott Case was a supreme court case against slave Dred Scott and his master, Sandford. Scott had resided to a part of the U.S. where slavery was outlawed, therefore causing him filing for his freedom, since slavery was prohibited where he was living, resulting in his his master saying he was not free. The significance of this case was that it decided no African American was a citizen and no African American could testify in court.
  • Election of 1860

    Election of 1860
    The Election of 1860 was an election in which four main candidates, Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John Bell, and John Breckinridge were the main contenders and Lincoln ended up on top. This election was significant because Lincoln was elected on free soil, caused secession of southern states, and ultimately determined what would happen with the Civil War.
  • Battle of Fort Sumter

    Battle of Fort Sumter
    The Battle of Fort Sumter was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina by the South Carolina militia. This battle was significant because it was the first battle of the Civil War and the one that started the war as a whole.
  • Battle of Antietam

    Battle of Antietam
    The Battle of Antietam was an important battle of the Civil War in which the Confederate soldiers and Union soldiers continued to fight. This battle was significant because it was the bloodiest battle of the Civil War and it forced the Confederate army to retreat.
  • Homestead Act

    Homestead Act
    The Homestead Act was an act put into place by the federal government in which 160 acres of cheap land was granted to families for five years if they moved west. The significance of this act was that it furthered manifest destiny and the repercussions that came with it.
  • The Emancipation Proclamation

    The Emancipation Proclamation
    The Emancipation Proclamation was a document issued by Abraham Lincoln that declared that any person who was enslaved at the time was free. This proclamation was significant because it changed the purpose of the Civil War and was a big step for African American rights and led the way to the total abolition of slavery.
  • Battle of Appomattox

    Battle of Appomattox
    The Battle of Appomattox Court House was fought near the town of Appomattox Court House, Virginia, and led to Confederate General Robert E. Lee's surrender of his Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. This battle was significant because it was one of the battles that ended the Civil War completely.
  • Ratification of the 13th Amendment

    Ratification of the 13th Amendment
    The 13th amendment was part of the reconstruction amendments that abolished slavery in the United States. This amendment is significant because it was a big step for racial rights and helped expedite two proceeding documents in regards to racial rights.
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    Period 6

  • Establishment of the Grange

    Establishment of the Grange
    The Grange was an organization founded to advance methods of agriculture, as well as to promote the social and economic needs of farmers in the United States. This organization was significant because it helped farmers immensely in regards to gaining rights and the organization also entered politics, proving to be impactful in that area as well.
  • Ratification of the 14th Amendment

    Ratification of the 14th Amendment
    The 14th amendment granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed slaves. This amendment is significant because it protected African American slaves and covered wide ground in regards to rights.
  • Creation of the Knights of Labor

    Creation of the Knights of Labor
    The Knights of Labor was a labor union formed by Terence Powderly where unskilled, skilled, women, and African Americans were able to join the fight for changes in the workplace. This creation was significant because it was a large advocate for worker's rights and the the fact that virtually anyone could join was a concept unheard of and unique for this union.
  • Ratification of the 15th Amendment

    Ratification of the 15th Amendment
    The 15th amendment granted all men the right to vote. This ratification was significant because it gave participation in the American democratic process to millions of formerly enslaved, and politically excluded, people. While this did help African Americans, it also created more opportunities for the South to prohibit these rights, creating later issues.
  • Standard Oil Company Organized

    Standard Oil Company Organized
    The Standard Oil Company was an American oil producing, transporting, refining, marketing company established by John D. Rockefeller that would become a powerful monopolistic company during the time. This company was significant because it was one of the biggest powerhouses in regards to large corporate businesses and it was the inspiration for many economic reform policies and movements.
  • The Crédit Mobilier Scandal

    The Crédit Mobilier Scandal
    The Crédit Mobilier Scandal was an event in which major stockholders in the Union Pacific Railroad formed a company, the Crédit Mobilier of America, and gave it contracts to build the railroad. They sold or gave shares in this construction to influential congressmen. This scandal was important because it led many citizens to believe that the government during the Gilded Age was corrupt and it led people to push for an end to military reconstruction.
  • Booker T. Washington Creates the Tuskegee Institute

    Booker T. Washington Creates the Tuskegee Institute
    The Tuskegee Institute was an institute that taught black students to "accommodate" to southern white racism by gaining an education, self-respect, & economic independence that would one day lead to equal sociopolitical rights for blacks. This institute was significant because it gained critics that felt Washington de-emphasized racism, racial violence against blacks, and discrimination and overall created a stir in African Americans and the debates that were going on in that area.
  • Haymarket Square Bombing

    Haymarket Square Bombing
    The Haymarket Square Bombing is an event in which anarchists set off a bomb during a labor demonstration and killed several police officers and civilians.This event was significant because it basically ended the Knights of Labor due to the fact that this event became associated with the organization, earning it a bad rep and causing many Knights of Labor members to join the American Federation of Labor.
  • Dawes Act

    Dawes Act
    The Dawes Act was a movement that authorized the federal government to break up tribal lands by partitioning them into individual plots. This act was significant because it effectively split up Indian reservations and was a big push for total assimilation of the Indians because it crushed their individual and unique culture.
  • Battle of Wounded Knee

    Battle of Wounded Knee
    The Battle of Wounded Knee was an attack on the Lakota Indians by the U.S. army in which over 200 Indians died, many of those being women and children. This battle is significant because it was the last major battle between the Native people and Americans and the Native Americans were more willing to assimilate after event.
  • Sherman Antitrust Act

    Sherman Antitrust Act
    The Sherman Antitrust Act is a United States antitrust law that regulates competition among enterprises passed by Congress under the presidency of Benjamin Harrison. This act was significant because, while it was aimed at breaking up trusts and big monopolized business, it harmed labor unions and overall set the scene for the later Clayton Antitrust Act.
  • Formation of the Populist Party

    Formation of the Populist Party
    The Populist Party, otherwise known as the People's Party, stemmed from the farmers organizations that were being created during the period and fought for a few base ideas such as governments owning railroads, graduated income tax, and direct election of senators. This was significant because it introduced a third party into politics and helped aid the later progressive era where these ideas were mentioned again.
  • Pullman Stike

    Pullman Stike
    The Pullman Strike was a nationwide railroad strike in the United States caused by a drop in wages at Pullman Palace Car Company in Chicago. This strike was significant because federal power was used to crush the strike, leading to unions believing businesses and government were allied. This event was a turning point in U.S. labor law.
  • National Association of Colored Women

    National Association of Colored Women
    The National Association of Colored Women (NACW) aimed at improving the lives of impoverished African Americans and supported the right of black men and women to vote along with women's suffrage overall. This association was significant because it helped black women get involved in the women's club movement and became the largest federation of local black women's clubs.
  • Spain Sinks USS Maine

    Spain Sinks USS Maine
    The battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor, killing 268 men. This event was significant because it as a climax in pre-war tension between the United States and Spain and sparked yellow journalism.
  • Treaty of Paris

    Treaty of Paris
    The Treaty of Paris was the result of the Spanish-American War signed by Spain and the United States that ceded the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam to the United States. The significance of the war was the fact that conflict precipitated in the Philippines due to this.
  • Period: to

    Period 7 Part 1

  • Philippine-American War

    Philippine-American War
    The Philippine-American war was a war between the Philippines and Americans caused by the U.S. government's quest for an overseas empire and the desire of the Filipino people for freedom. This war was significant because the U.S. annexed the Philippines at the end and with that came detrimental controversy that would play in later.
  • Open Door Policy

    Open Door Policy
    The Open Door Policy was a statement of principles initiated by the United States that called for protection of equal privileges for all countries trading with China and for the support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity. This policy was significant because both China and America was able to extend it's markets to farther boundaries.
  • Assassination of William McKinley

    Assassination of William McKinley
    President William McKinley was shot twice by Leon Czolgosz, the anarchist son of Polish immigrants and died eight days later on September 14, 1901. This assassination was significant because Theodore Roosevelt took office and his presidency was extremely important.
  • Roosevelt Corollary

    Roosevelt Corollary
    The Roosevelt Corollary extended the Monroe Doctrine and asserted the right of the United States to police the Caribbean and Central America if they were unable to pay their international debts and needed to be "stabilized". This was significant because it kept the U.S. in power and added onto the Monroe Doctrine, giving the U.S. more impactful rights.
  • Construction of the Panama Canal

    Construction of the Panama Canal
    American construction on the Panama Canal began May 4, 1904 becoming a costly project and resulting in high casualties. This construction was significant because it permitted shippers of commercial goods to save time and money by transporting cargo more quickly between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
  • Start of the Great Migration

    Start of the Great Migration
    The Great Migration was a mass immigration in which about half a million African Americans moved to the urban North from the rural South due to widespread racist ideology. The Great Migration was significant because African Americans began to build a new place for themselves in public life, the economy, politics and social life and it created a black urban culture that would influence decades to come.
  • The Jungle

    The Jungle
    The Jungle was a novel by Upton Sinclair that portrayed the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States in Chicago and similar industrialized cities. This novel was significant because it made the general populous aware of the unsanitary and less than good happenings of the food industry and inspired the passing of many industry laws such as the Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act.
  • Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

    Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
    The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire was a fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York City that killed 146 people including many female employees. This fire was significant because grievances over the factory’s conditions led to factory safety reform along with yellow journalism being prominent.
  • Woodrow Wilson Elected President

    Woodrow Wilson Elected President
    In the 1912 election, Wilson was against Progressive Party nominee Theodore Roosevelt and Socialist Party nominee Eugene V. Debs where he came out on top. This election was significant because the policies Wilson would do in regards to war would prove to be influential.
  • 16th Amendment

    16th Amendment
    The 16th Amendment allowed the federal government to “lay and collect taxes on incomes.” This amendment was significant because it built up the federal government and overall shifted power from the states to the national government.
  • Clayton Antitrust Act

    Clayton Antitrust Act
    The Clayton Antitrust Act was an act passed by Congress that defined unethical business practices, such as price-fixing and monopolies, and upholds various rights of labor. This act was significant because it strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act and was the main antitrust provision that did it's job to help eliminate many large trusts.
  • World War I

    World War I
    WWI was a war where Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (the Central Powers) fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan and the United States, due to rising tensions regarding militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism. This war was significant because it was the first global war and had a profound effect on the 20th century.
  • Harlem Renaissance Begins

    Harlem Renaissance Begins
    The Harlem Renaissance was a movement where black artists, musicians, and writers based in Harlem created a social and artistic community, producing major works and challenging barriers created by Jim Crow. This was significant because it was a turning point in black cultural history and African American writers and artists gain control over the representation of black culture and experience.
  • Period: to

    Period 7 Part 2

  • Red Scare

    Red Scare
    The Red Scare was the promotion of a widespread fear of a potential rise of communism or anarchism by a society or state. The Red Scare was significant because it inflicted panic on America during the time that affected politics, media, social life, etc. and tainted the perception of communism of the time and propaganda became utilized during this time.
  • 18th Amendment

    18th Amendment
    The 18th Amendment forbade the manufacture, sale, transportation, import, and export of “intoxicating liquors”. This amendment was significant because it ultimately sparked greater conflict and illegalities regarding smuggling and attempting to break the law that would require further legislation.
  • Treaty of Versailles

    Treaty of Versailles
    The Treaty of Versailles was a treaty that brought the world war between Germany and the Allies Powers, World War I, to an end. This treaty was significant because it was the most important peace treaty at the time and it ultimately pushed Germany down in the scheme of importance by forcing it to disarm, make ample territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. Germany was basically ruined by this treaty because they owed so much money.
  • 19th Amendment

    19th Amendment
    The 19th Amendment granted suffrage to women. This amendment was significant because it was the first time women would have this role in politics and it was important for the feminists and feminism movement occurring.
  • Wall Street Crash

    Wall Street Crash
    The Wall Street Crash refers to the greatest crash the stock market had ever seen that happened over the course of five days where many people tried to sell their shares, worsening the crash. This event was significant because it marked the beginning of the Great Depression.
  • Bonus Army

    Bonus Army
    The Bonus Army refers to World War I veterans who been promised a bonus for their military service to be paid in 1945 but were not paid, therefore resulting in their march on Washington demanding their bonuses to alleviate the stress of the economic recession. This army was significant because they basically ruined how the public viewed Hoover. Hoover did not treat the army as the public thought he should have, ultimately ruining his reputation and costing him a reelection.
  • New Deal

    New Deal
    Upon his inauguration, FDR introduced the “New Deal.” New Deal policies provided jobs and funds for federal projects through a number of “alphabet soup” agencies such as the AAA, Social Security, and CCC, in attempt to stabilize the economy and reduce welfare while strengthening the federal government. This deal is significant because it did stabilize the economy and provide many jobs for the unemployed and various programs put in place are still in use today.
  • Wagner Act

    Wagner Act
    The Wagner Act is a foundational statute of United States labor law which guarantees the right of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining, and take collective action such as strikes. This act is significant because it is still in use today and it, for the first time, provided federal support for unions.
  • Court Packing

    Court Packing
    Court Packing was a plan in which FDR proposed to recreate the Supreme Court with up to 15 justices and to set an age limit for service. This plan was significant because it was a clear attempt by FDR to pass his New Deal legislature easily, therefore raising controversy, and resulted in many of his legislatures being turned down and considered unconstitutional.
  • Pearl Harbor

    Pearl Harbor
    Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States against the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii. This attack was significant because it brought the U.S. into WWII.
  • Lend Lease Act

    Lend Lease Act
    The Lend Lease Act was a program under which the United States supplied the United Kingdom, Free France, the Republic of China, and later the Soviet Union and other Allied nations with food, oil, and materials. This act was significant because America purchased their way into getting assistance. The idea of the act was that the countries would have to repay the nation, therefore it is significant because these countries ultimately did have to repay their debt, helping the U.S. tremendously.
  • Japanese American Internment

    Japanese American Internment
    Japanese American Internment was the forced relocation and incarceration in concentration camps in the western interior of the country of about 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, most of whom lived on the Pacific Coast. This was significant because it worsened discrimination of the Japanese and created more controversy about settling the problems arising regarding their internment.
  • Tehran Conference

    Tehran Conference
    The Tehran Conference was when Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin met in Iran to discuss strategy and cooperation. This conference was significant because they decided on the strategy which would help them in the war tremendously- there would be a Soviet offensive and an Allied landing at Normandy, and Stalin would enter the war against Japan once Hitler was defeated.
  • D-Day

    D-Day
    D-Day was the day in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy. This invasion is significant because it marked the turn for the control maintained by Nazi Germany and less than a year later Germany surrendered.
  • Yalta Conference

    Yalta Conference
    The Yalta Conference was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe. This meeting was significant because it decided the future of the world and entered the U.S. as a global superpower unlike it had been before.