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Evil spirits
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Herbs and plants
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Digitalis - foxglove plant, they used to chew it now it’s either in pill form or injection to treat heart conditions -
Belladonna and atropine - made by poisonous plant and helps with muscle spasms and in gastrointestinal pain
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Quinine - comes from bark of a cinchona tree, helps with fevers, relieves muscle spasms, and helps prevent malaria -
Morphine - made from opium poppy, treating severe pain and is addicting when nothing else will treat the pain -
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Health records - they like to keep accurate health records
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Who are the physicians? - the priests are the physicians -
How did they heal? - they used medicines
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Development of acupuncture - they were the first to use primitive acupuncture therapies
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Dissection - they did not allow bodies to be dissected
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Hippocrates - he based his knowledge of anatomy and physiology on observation of the external body
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Illness cause nature vs. spiritual - they were the first to study disease and to determine that illness may have natural, rather than spiritual causes
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Sanitation systems - they brought water into the cities from waterways and they built sewers to carry off waste. They also built public baths with filtering systems -
Organize medical care - they were the first to organize medical care
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Hospital development- they sent medical equipment and physicians with armies to care for wounded soldiers. Roman physicians kept a room in their house for the ill. Public building were then established.
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The Huns stopped the study of medical science because the church believe that life and death was in gods hands
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The primary treatment was prayer
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Epidemics caused many deaths, alone killed 60 million people
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Dissection - they accepted dissection of the body
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Universities - building universities and medical schools -
Books - they allowed printing and press and publishing books for greater access to knowledge of research
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Leonardo de Vinci studied and recorded the anatomy of the body
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gabriele fallopius discovered the fallopian tubes of the female anatomy -
Bartolommeo discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat
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he understood the knowledge of physiology and was able to describe the circulation of blood and pumping of the heart -
Antoine invented the microscope, finding that there is a life smaller than you can see. He scrapped his tooth and found bacteria that causes tooth decay. Showing that germs that cause disease were invisible
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apothecaries, early pharmacies started in this time.
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he found bifocals and found colds that passed from person to person -
They only didnt attend lectures and labs but they also absered patients bedside, then when the patient died they dissected then an were able to observe the disease process
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he observed the element oxygen and also observed that plants refresh air that has lost its oxygen, using it for respiration
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discovered a method of vaccination of smallpox -
she invented the stethoscope, the first one was made of wood and it incread the ability to hear the hard and lungs to see if disease was present
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she identified the cause of childbed fever,m people died from this fever after giving birth because the physicians went to the “dead room” where they dissected bodies and and they physicians didnt wash their hands or change their gloves so their hands were dirty and they infected the women.
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she founded molders nursing
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known as the father of microbiology and discovered that tiny microorganisms were everywhere and proved that these could cause disease.
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He discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms that cannot be seen with a microscope called viruses
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he discovered that microorganisms cause infection and became the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery
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he devolved asepsis, he knew germs caused infections in wounds and found a way to keep an area germ free during surgery
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he devolved the culture plate method to identify pathogens and also isolated the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. He also invented cleanliness and sanitation -
he discovered the effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms. His treatment was effective on some but not effective on killing other bacteria. This lead to using chemicals to fight disease
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he discovered x rays, he took the very first one using his wife’s hand. This helped the doctors to see inside the body and help the patients see what was wrong
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before they just used to preform surgery without putting them out or anything, and most people died with shock. Then they found anesthesia and we continue to use it today.
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found penicillin killed life threatening bacteria
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he discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind and the body
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He discovered sulfanamide compounds, these were the first medications that were effective in killing bacteria
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he discovered hat a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis, this virus paralyzed many of adults and children every year, it affected people who were the most active and athletic.
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He used a live polio virus vaccine which is more effective. This vaccine is used today to immunize babies against this disease.
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discovered the molecular structure of DNA
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he preformed the first successful heart transplant
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he continues to be a pioneer in separating Siamese twins and preforming hemishperectomies, and surgery’s on the brain to stop seizures
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people are now living longer and healthier, they are finding new inventions and procedures have changes medicine.
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we now have the ability to reattach body parts
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now being able to care for the unborn fetus
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we transplant organs from a donor to a recipient
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patients can go in the hospital and get surgery and go home the same day.