OLD AGE

start of writing

3500 BCE

It is generally agreed that true writing of language (not only numbers) was independently conceived and developed in at least two ancient civilizations and possibly more. The two places where it is most between 3400 and 3300 BC, and much later in Mesoamerica (by 300 BC) because no precursors have been found to either of these in their respective regions.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › History_of_writing

Inventions of writing

3500 BCE

Monogenesis (one origin) was long held as the theory of how the true writing of language happened (not only numbers). Scholars believed that all writing originated in ancient Sumer (in Mesopotamia) and spread throughout the world from there via a process of cultural diffusion. That is, ithe concept of representing language by using writing, though not necessarily the specifics of how such a system worked, was passed on by traders or merchants traveling between the two regions.font wikipedia

Argos

2000 BCE

Argos is a city in Greece, on the Peloponnese peninsula, the capital of Argólida. The ancient city was about 5 km from the coast and had a citadel called Làrissa. The neighbor Naúplia was the port of Argos. The modern city has about 30,000 inhabitants.

kings of Athens

1506 BCE

Before democracy, tyrants and archons, Athens was ruled by kings. Most of them are probably mythical or semi-historic. The following relationship is based on the data given by Eusebius of Caesarea.

Carthaginian Iberia

700 BCE

Between the 8th and 7th centuries BC, the Phoenicians (and later the Carthaginians) established trading contacts in the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula as well as in part of the east coast. Their trading posts on the coast exported minerals and other resources of pre-Roman Iberia and imported manufactures from the Eastern Mediterranean. Font wikipedia

history of the roman empire

600 BCE

Rome had begun expanding shortly after the founding of the republic in the 6th century BC, though it did not expand outside the Italian peninsula until the 3rd century BC. Then, it was an "empire" long before it had an emperor.The Roman Republic was not a nation-state in the modern sense, but a network of towns left to rule themselves.
For various reasons, the 1st century BC was a time of political and military upheaval,https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Roman_Empire

Fall of the Western Roman Empire

476 BCE

The Roman Empire lost the strengths that had allowed it to exercise effective control over its Western provinces; modern historians posit factors including the effectiveness and numbers of the army, the health and numbers of the Roman population, the strength of the economy, the competence of the Emperors, the internal struggles for power, the religious changes of the period, and the efficiency of the civil administration.font wikipedia.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki ›

Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula

227 BCE

The Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula was a process by which the Roman Republic seized territories in the Iberian Peninsula that were previously under the control of native Celtiberian tribes and the Carthaginian Empire.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Roman_conquest_of_the_Iberian_Peninsula

The Roman campaigns

218 BCE

218 BC, the expeditionary force to Hispania reached Massalia (Marseilles) for a stopover. There was surprise when it was found out that Hannibal was further inland in the area and on his way to Italy. Publius Cornelius Scipio sent 300 cavalry inland for reconnaissance. Hannibal was crossing the River Rhone.font wikipedia

Fall in the West and survival in the East

212 BCE

In 212, during the reign of Caracalla, Roman citizenship was granted to all freeborn inhabitants of the empire. But despite this gesture of universality, the Severan dynasty was tumultuous—an emperor's reign was ended routinely by his murder or execution—and, following its collapse, the Roman Empire was engulfed by the Crisis of the Third Century,https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Roman_Empire

the Cantabrian Wars

29 BCE

The Cantabrian Wars were fought between the Romans and the Cantabrians and Astures of northern Hispania. It was a long and bloody war because it was fought on the mountains of Cantabria and Asturia (mountains are difficult to conquer) and because the rebels used guerrilla tactics effectively. The war dragged on for ten years and it ended with the subjugation of these two peoples. These wars were also the end of resistance against the Romans in Hispania.font wikipedia

the roman empire

27 BCE

The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of ancient Rome from the fall of the Roman Republic in 27 BC until the abdication of the last Western emperor in AD 476. Rome had begun expanding shortly after the founding of the Republic in the 6th century BC, though it did not expand outside of the Italian Peninsula until the 3rd century BC. Font wikipedia