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Roman Catholic order based in Paris, establishes a mission on Mount Royal (Montreal) to evangelize the Kanienkehà:ka, Algonquin and Nipissing.
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The Governor of New France granted the lands and pines to a Catholic seminary
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In 1721 the Mohawks came to be established in that area after moving from Montreal. But archeological proof and oral history attest that the territory served as traditional grounds long before 1721
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The seminary expanded the 1676 agreement to grant itself sole ownership rights.
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The people of Kanehsatà:ke send a letter of protest about their treatment at the hands of the Seminary of St. Sulpice to the highest British civil authority in British North America.
Demanded an Indian agent replace the Seminary’s religious authority. Governments tried to settle by offering the Mohawks the ability to relocate elsewhere. -
The Sulpicians change the place name of Kanehsatà:ke to Oka.
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The Canadian Supreme Court maintains the St-Sulpice order has title to the land.
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The seminary sold the territory and vacated the area.
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Lease is renewed for another 36 years.
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Grand Chief Clarence Simon demands that the project be stopped
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Several provincial and federal government representatives ask the Municipality of Oka to reconsider the development plans.
The Mayor of Oka, Jean Ouellette, agrees to a moratorium -
Grand Chief Simon is dismissed. The Clan Mothers replace him with George Martin.
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The mayor of Oka puts an end to the moratorium and gives the go-ahead for the golf course expansion.
The Mohawks immediately erect a barricade on the dirt road that leads to the disputed land. -
The Warriors Society join the people of Kanehsatà:ke and the barricade is reinforced.
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Mohawk members erected a barricade blocking access to the area in question. The SQ attacked the barricade, using tear gas and concussion grenades to create confusion. Corporal Marcel Lemay was killed and the SQ retreated.
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Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa asks Prime Minister Mulroney for military intervention in Oka.
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Canadian army announces that it is going to proceed with the dismantling of barricades
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The army advances on the Mohawk barricades around Kanehsatake.
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Mohawks taunted the soldiers and then started throwing water balloons at them
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4:00; Mohawk burn documents and weapons, elders perform spiritual ceremony.
5:30; Warrior flag is lowered.
6:45; The remaining mohawks walk towards military lines. -
Last 300 soldiers leave Oka
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Prime Minister Brian Mulroney announces the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples.
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It sets out a 20-year agenda to implement real change in the relationship between Canada and its Indigenous population.
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The issue of who holds the land is still unresolved.
