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Tariff of Abominations
The Tariff of Abominations, also known as the Tariff of 1828, was a protective tariff passed on May 19. This tariff protected northern and western, mainly northern, agriculture resources from the invasive competition with foreign imports. This brought about high taxes being placed on those foreign imports. However, the South was against this tariff because its economy solely depended on trade and commerce, so these taxes would hurt its economy. The South eventually protests against this tariff. -
South Carolina Exposition and Protest
Declared by John C. Calhoun, states had the right to nullify oppressive national legislation. This Exposition and Protest is also known as Calhoun's Exposition. it also declared the tariff to be unconstitutional. The South was happy with this "Act" because in a way it would serve as justice since the tariff pretty much left them broke. -
Tariff of 1832
The Tariff of 1832 served as a revision for the previous one. However, this tariff was merely created to resolve conflict with the South. This is also a protective tariff, known as protectionist tariff, which revised the 1828 tariff downward, but it did not satisfy the South once again because of the high tax rates still in place. -
Ordinance of Nullification
The Ordinance of Nullification declared both the tariff of 1828 and 1832 null and void within state borders. It threatened to secede IF the national government tried to enforce anymore tariffs. It was adopted by the South. Also, laws were passed that allowed military force and appropriation for arms -
Jackson's Proclamation Against Nullification
Jackson issued a Proclamation that declared the states had rights to nullify federal laws. He spoke to the PEOPLE of South Carolina because he wanted them to reassert their allegiance to the Union solely because he felt the Union was threatened by the S.C. government. -
Force Bill
President Andrew Jackson declared by any means necessary, he would send the United States army to enforce the laws, specifically federal tariffs. He would send the army to collect the custom duties. This Force Bill was a way to overpower the South Carolina's government refusal to pay these tariffs. -
Clay's Tariff Bill
Henry Clay wanted to find some middle ground, so this bill stated that all duties in excess of 20 percent of the value of goods imported were to be reduced yearly. That way, eventually, tariffs would be the same rate as the moderate tariff of 1816.