-
In 1055, Tughril Beg, a nomadic Saljuq Turk, was named sultan of the Abbasid caliphate. From then on, the original caliphates were mere figureheads, while the Saljuqs acted as the actual rulers of the Abbasid state.
-
A decisive battle between the nomadic Saljuq Turks and the Byzantine Empire. The Saljuqs defeated and severely demoralized the Byzantine troops, allowing the Saljuqs to have free rein over most of Anatolia. This weakened Byzantium and ultimately led to its demise.
-
-
-
-
-
Hülegü, Khubilai Khan's brother, captured Baghdad in 1258. They massacred many residents of the city, and planned to continue to Syria. However, Muslim forces from Egypt stopped them and prevented Mongol expansion further in Southwest Asia.
-
-
-
-
When Ilkhan Ghazan converted to Islam, it prompted many other Mongols to do the same. This led to Islam being held in an elevated status in the Ilkhanate, while believers of other religions were massacred.
-
-