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Before the Armistice was signed, Kaiser Willhelm II abdicated to Holland. He left and was replaced with the Weimar Republic, a democracy. The democracy lasted for 14 years before it was destroyed by Hitler's dictatorship. The Third Reich, intended to last for 1,000 years but collapsed in 1945.
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Ebert took over after the Kaiser abdicated, the sparticist was created. In December 1918 the Sparticist changed their name into the German Communist Party. After they changed their name, the first thing they wanted to do was to take over Germany. The KPD was lead by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht.
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In order for the German Communist Party to succeed, they created the Revolution Commitee organizing strikes and fights on the streets.However, the government was able get the Frei-korps to attack the rebels, and the two leaders were murdered. The KPD was very important to Germany. It revealed weaknesses, led to future rebellions, and had a great influence in German politics.
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The Centre Party was supported by Roman Catholics and their politicial position was Democratic conservative. They got 6 million votesm 19.7%, and 91 seats.
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The Democratic Party was mainly supported by the Middle class and their politicial position was the Left-wing liberal democrat with 5.6 million votes, 18.6%, and 75 seats.
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This is when the Social Democratic Party was where Ebert (taking place of the Kaiser). Their main source of support was the working and middle class. The Social Democratic Party had a moderate position in politics, they got 11.5 million votes, 37.9% of votes, and 165 seats.
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The Nationalist People's Party were mainly supported from Landowners and wealthy industrialists as their politicial standpoint was an Anti-Weimar Republic with 31 million votes, 10.3%, and 44 seats in the house.
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On June 28th, 1919 the devestating Treaty of Versaille was signed. It restricted Germany to only have 100,000 soldiers. When the Weimar Government attempted to implemet and Allied request that the Freikorps be disbanded there was a revoltm, the Kapp Putsch, a rebellious act.
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The Treaty of Versaille mad Germany pay £6.6 billion. The Government disagreed and said this was to big of a burden for Germany to handle ontop of the rest of the restrictions such as territorial changes. When Germany missed their first reparation payment, France invaded the Ruhr in Janrary 1923 as "payment". This caused passive resistance, poor housing, poor economy, shootings, and most importantly hyperinflation.
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With the economy slowly building back up, the cultural aspect began to grow.
More artists and writersMore night clubs, dance hall, cafés, and restaurantsLiterature: Three Pennt Opera, The Magic Mountain, Steppenwolf, All Quiet on the Western FrontArt: Grey Day, Big CityFilm: Metropolis, The Blue AngelArchitecture: Walter Groupius started the Bauhaus movement -
Gustav Stresemann's rescue planFrance left the Ruhr in 1925The Locarno Treaties made Germany level with othersGermany was allowed into the League of Antions in 1926The Young Plan reduced Germany's reparations
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In response to the Treaty of Versailles, Gustav Stresemann who was elected Chancellor and Foreign Minister in August 1923. His idea was to create the Rentenmark to stabilize the economy, and resume paying reparations. This plan was not accepted by the public, it lead Germany to recovery.
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Charles Dawes came up with a plan trying to help Germany pay reparations. He came up with the idea of loaning Germany 800 million gold marks to help their economy go up. The Reichmark replaced the Rentenmark.
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The Wall Street Crash in 1929 was devestating, this affected the U.S. greatly but more on Germany. This was the fall of the Dawes Plan, many banks in the U.S. lost all of their money leaving everybody poor but also leaving no money to loan to Germany.
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All of the political achievements of the 1920’s were wasted. By 1932, the communists and Nazis had 52% of the vote. All parties that had made the Weimar were now nearly eliminated.
