-
Papal States taken over by the new Kingdom of Italy
I chose another map because It shows both how extensive the Kingdom of Italy was before full unification and shows how the Papal States were on there last legs before the Capture of Rome, which sealed their fate. -
Formation of an Independent Italy
Quick note I could only find a year for when Italy was completely unified. I chose this picture because it represents how, over the course of years, the Italian peninsula was unified under the Kingdom of Italy. While the quality is garbage it's decent enough to show just how disunified the Italian peninsula was before the Kingdom of Italy came along. -
Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adowa (Adwa)
I chose this picture of the Battle of Adowa because it represents, even if embellished, just how bad the situation was for the Italians during the Battle of Adwa, being heavily outnumbered and outmaneuvered. -
Italy Invades and takes over Libya
I chose this picture because, even if it is extremely low quality, it is an actual picture of Italian marines landing at Tripoli, one of the four cities initially taken at the start of the Invasion of Libya. -
Mussolini begins work as editor for the Socialist Party newspaper Avanti
I chose this picture because it is an actual picture (or scan probably) of the newspaper Avanti! . Granted, the picture is from December 25, 1896, and thus very out of date, but it accurately represents the socialist newspaper because it is the socialist newspaper. -
Mussolini kicked out of Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WW I
I chose this picture both because there was a lack of picture regarding him getting kicked out (I imagine people wouldn't want to record something like that) and because it's not-so-symbolic of him getting into serious trouble, just instead of getting arrested he gets kicked out of the Italian Socialist Party -
(Secret) Treaty of London
I chose this picture because it helps to visualize just what Italy was promised and mostly didn't get from this Treaty of London after WW1. It was very hard to visualize any land that Italy would have gained because so much of the information given is generally about the lands near the Italian peninsula as opposed to any land not near there. -
Beginning of Biennio Rosso
Quick note there was no specified start month where I looked. I chose this picture because it is an actual picture of the (Italian) Red Guard at a factory occupation and is a very good representative of the Biennio Rosso in general. -
Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan
I chose the fasces as the picture because it is the symbol of the Fascio di Combattimento and eventually becomes a symbol of Mussolini's rule in general. It is therefore a good representative of Italian fascism in general, even this far before Mussolini names himself Il Duce. -
D’Annunzio takes Fiume
I chose this flag because it is the actual flag of the government that D'Annunzio created and ran in Fiume before he was deposed. The government was called The Italian Regency of Carnaro even though Italy was opposed to its existence. -
Mussolini forms alliance with Giolitti
This is an image of Giolitti, whose willingness to form an alliance with Mussolini enabled both Mussolini and the fascists to claim more power for themselves and take more extreme acts. -
March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister
This is an image of the March on Rome, with Mussolini being a part of the crowd early on before he runs into hiding. -
Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader
This image is the symbol for the “Partito Nazionale Fascista”. -
Acerbo Law Passed
This is an image of Giacomo Acerbo, the one directly responsible for the Acebo Law being passed and therefore assisting Mussolini in his schemes. -
Corfu Incident
The purpose of this image is to suggest that Mussolini essentially stole money from Greece, falsely accusing them of being responsible for the death of an Italian general and using both violence and coercion to force them to pay this unjust fine. -
Aventine Secession
The purpose of this image of a hill is to describe how Mussolini’s opposition utilized Aventine Hill as a replacement location to hold their assembly. The location or hill in question is irrelevant, as the message remains the same: “Mussolini’s actions are unacceptable, and we refuse to comply until he is gone”. -
Matteotti Crisis
The purpose of this image is to describe how Mussolini was blatantly responsible for the assassination of Matteotti, in addition to doing a poor job in covering up the assassination. -
Battle for Grain
The purpose of this image is to suggest that main motive behind this so-called war was not to actually make Italy more dependent but instead was done purely for the sake of propaganda, increasing nationalism, and increasing the peoples’ loyalty to the fascist party. -
Battle for Land and Battle for the Lira
The purpose of this image is to refer to the importance of the Italian Lire, and how the value of it was heavily emphasized during The Battle for the Lira. Its drop in value was seen as a disaster, as it could spell doom for the Italian economy if nothing was done. -
Locarno Treaty Signed
The purpose of this image is to show three of the participants in the discussions leading towards the Locarno Treaty, with these people being Gustav Stresemann, Austin Chamberlain, and Aristide Briand. -
Battle for Births
The purpose of this image is to display how Mussolini’s regime put a heavy emphasis on increasing the nation’s population, with the goal being to create a sharp increase in the nation’s birthrates... at the cost of making women essentially slaves with slightly more rights. -
Kellogg-Briand Treaty signed
This treaty was an attempt to outlaw war across many different nations. 15 nations agreed to the pact. It was signed in Paris. -
Lateran Treaty with Pope
The treaty – between Italy and the Holy See – recognized Vatican City as an independent state. -
Stresa Front
The Stresa Front was an agreement between the French, Italians, and British in order to oppose Nazi Germany. The front was triggered by Germany’s intention to build an air force, increase its army size, and introduce conscription. -
Abyssinian Crisis
A dispute over the town of Walwal that ultimately spiraled into a conflict between Ethiopia and Mussolini’s Italian empire. The League of Nations were against Italy’s aggression, but ultimately did not properly apply their concerns. -
Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed
An agreement between Italy and Germany, the Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty would link the two Fascist countries. Furthermore, the Axis Powers would come to include Japan as well in the future. -
Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War
Italy supplied the Nationalists with planes, tanks, artillery, machine guns, rifles, and around 70000 men. They played a key decisive role in the war. -
Munich Conference
The Munich Agreement was an agreement between Germany, the UK, France, and Italy that allowed Germany to annex a portion of Czechoslovakia – the Sudetenland – due to the fact that primarily Germans lived there. It has been seen as a betrayal due to a previous treaty between France and Czechoslovakia. -
Italy invades Albania
Despite the existing Italian influence in Albania, Mussolini felt the need – and desire – to have more direct control over it for a multitude of reasons. These reasons include increasing the scale and power of his nation, responding to Germany’s annexation of Austria, a general need and desire for control. -
Italy enters WW II on side of Germany
Italy joined Germany’s side of the war, primarily hoping to gain territorial spoils due to the fact that France appeared to be on the brink of falling. Mussolini announced this decision to massive crowds across Italy – however, his decision to join the war on Germany’s side was opposed by his foreign minister. -
Mussolini brought down by coup during WWII
Due to the fact that Italians felt that Italy was losing the war, Benito Mussolini was voted out of his current position of power by his own Grand Council. He was arrested when leaving a meeting with King Vittorio Emanuele. -
Mussolini killed
Mussolini is executed by Italian partisan Walter Audisio in Giulino di Mezzegra.