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The Risorgimento movement had caused states to merge into an independent Italy. However, the Catholic Church still owned a papal state in Rome. This new merge came with major economic and social differences along the borders.
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The Papal States joined later due to the power of the Pope. Italy declared war on the states and fought the Church until the Latern Treaty (1929).
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The Battle of Adowa was the peak in the First Italo-Ethiopian War. Italy lost to the Ethiopian forces supported by Britain and France. This was a failure in Italy's desire for expansion into Africa.
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Italy compromised with Libya, promising minerals and water. When they invaded Libya, this also upset the Turks, which started the Italo-Turkish War.
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Mussolini is finally introduced into Italy's history. He was a socialist who desired the class division in Italy. He was a reported for the Socialist Party Newspaper, which impacted his popularity greatly.
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As World War 1 began, this changed Mussolini's perspective, making him favor Italian nationalism. After sharing his perspective, he was kicked out of the socialist party, which led him to form his own based on fascism.
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The Treaty of London was based around the formation of the Entente powers, which also included France, the United Kingdom and Russia. Italy denied this and joined the Central Powers, composed of Germany and Austria–Hungary.
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The era of "Biennio Rosso" was a period of communism rising in Italy. Along with these communist views, fascism was also rising. The Biennio Rosso allowed fascism to obtain a supported front of followers.
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Mussolini finally gave title to his fascism-based political group, called "Fascio di Combattimento." Socialists who were strong followers of Mussolini joined in as support.
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Gabriele D'Annunzio was an Italian soldier during World War 1. He decided to capture the city of Fiume, which was offered in the Treaty of London. D’Annunzio grew to be one of Mussolini's many followers.
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Giolitti was head of the Italian government, which drew Mussolini's attention. They formed an alliance to break down the socialist party.
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The PNF was founded on November 9th, 1921, formed by Mussolini (the party leader). As Mussolini elected leader, he had political control in the government.
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On October 29th, 1922, Mussolini was offered the role of Prime Minister, ruling aside the king. He accepted and built his popularity.
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The Acerbo Law was passed in November, this gave two thirds of the seats in parliament to the most popular party. This tactic was used by Mussolini to further grow his fascist ideas. This image in Giacomo Acerbo, the man who proposed the law.
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On August 29th, Italians were murdered in Greece, which upset Mussolini. He wanted to show the Italian power and to gain more support.
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A political member talked against Mussolini, criticizing his power. Mussolini later sent him to his death, which caused Mussolini to receive backlash.
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Following the Matteotti Crisis, politicians left the fascist party and attempt to remove Mussolini out of power.
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Mussolini met with politicians and forces in Spain, signing an agreement to assist them in their war. This move was made to help his reputation in Italy.
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Mussolini encouraged landowners to increase their production of grain, which backfired as other resources decreased in quantity.
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Italy signed this treaty for more land, as they were promised more.
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These battles aimed to grow the agricultural land and to revalue the Lira. This caused fluctuation in the economy and the clearing of swamp land.
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This "battle" was created to increase the birth rate, so men could have jobs and go off to war, rather than women. This backfired, decreasing the birth rate.
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This treaty was signed by 15 nations to help preserve peace. Mussolini signed with the main motive, to create a better reputation.
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Mussolini signed this treaty with the Pope to gain his support of the Fascist Party. He offered Vatican City for a papal state.
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Italy invaded Abyssinia. This caused the Kellogg-Briand treaty to be broken and the League of Nations to limit the economic ties.
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This agreement confirmed the Locarno Treaties between France, Britain, and Italy.
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Mussolini created an alliance with Hitler to link the two fascist countries.
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This conference allowed Hitler to create an agreement to annex certain cities in Czechoslovakia. The members of this conference believed this would help sustain peace.
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Italy invades Albania to control the Balkan countries. King Zog was overruled and Albania was captured successfully.
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Mussolini teams up with Hitler and declares war on Great Britain and France. This caused major disturbance within Italy and the media.
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As the alliance between Nazi Germany and Italy fell, Mussolini was blamed for these failures, which led him exiled out of power.
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Mussolini and his mistress were captured and killed after his arrest.
