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During the Renaissance in Europe, history was written about states or nations. The study of history changed during the Enlightenment and Romanticism. Voltaire described the history of certain ages that he considered important, rather than describing events in chronological order. History became an independent discipline. It was not called philosophia historiae anymore, but merely history.
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The United States began as an independent nation with the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776.
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1857 Frenchman Leon Scott invented the phonautograph which translated fluctuating air pressures into a scribed trace on a smoked cylinder by means of a stylus attached to a membrane. The resulting transcription could not reproduce the sound.
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1884 Emile Berliner, an American of German origin, recorded The Lord's Prayer on an Edison cylinder machine.
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1903 The first 12 inch) diameter records were released on the Monarch label.
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1904 Fleming invented the diode thermionic valve and, later, Lee de Forest the triode. Electrical recording had become a possibility.
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1908 Edison continued to persevere with the cylinder machine but the disc was proving ever stronger competition.
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Beginning in the 1950s and early 1960s, anthropologists began writing "bio-confessional" ethnographies that intentionally exposed the nature of ethnographic research.
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Macy was born on 2/6/99.
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Kody was born on D-Day
