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Temujin became a powerful khan, a leader or cheif of of a Mongol clan. He conquered his rivals and began to bring the Mongol clans together.
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The Mongols would eventually grow to be the largest land empire making their rivals surrender from fear. They emerged in to Cemtral Asia
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Temujin became the Genghis Khan which means universal ruler
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The Mongols conquered more land by using seige warfare. They would surround the city and they conquer it, although sometimes people would surrender thier city when they herd the Mongols were comming to avoid a fight.
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The Genghis Khan,Temujin passed away. By this time the Mongols had most of Central Asia under their control.
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The Golden Horde was a khanate of Mongols and eventually Turiks. Under Batu Khan, The Great Khan's grandson, the Golden Horde conquered Russia. After Russia they stormed through Poland and Hungry, they were ready to conquer Western Europe until they heard of the Great Khan's death and turned back. Although the rest of Euroe remained they had killed millions
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Kublai Khan became the new Great Khan of the Mongol Empire
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After destroying the last Song ruler the Great Khan, Kublai Kahn, founded the Yuan dynasy and made himself Emperor.
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The Great Khan, Kublai Khan, dies and the Yuan dynasty begins to decline due to his death. The Yuan dynasty weekend after his death due to power struggles about who should be the ruler. Nobody seemed to be a proper ruler which lead the Yuan dynasty to weaken.
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Marco Polo, an Italian trader from Vince traveled to China with his father. He went to visit the Yuan cort where the emeror began to like him. The emperor sent Polom on many missions throught China for 17 years. Soon after returning home to Vince in 1295 Marco Polo was captured. While in prison Marco told an inmate of his adventures and he crated a book of Polo's adventures. Polo became one of the most famous europeans in China
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The Black Death after wiping out most of Europe it reached Asia. The Black Death was aslo known as the bubonic plague that killed millions
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Chinese factions began to rebel agianst the Yuan dynasty due to the discontent caused by the tragic floods and the rising taxes.
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A rebel army defeated the Mongols which lead to the end of their rule in China. This army was lead by a peasent, Zhu Yuanzhang, who later took the title of Hongwu meaning "vastly martial". He was the founder of the Ming dynasty, Ming meaning "brilliant". This dynasty lasted till 1644, nearly 300 years.
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The Ming ruler, Hongwo, died.
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Hongwo's son, Yonglo, became the emporer of the Ming dynasty and he ruled until 1424. He moved the capital to a northeast city, Beijing, there he build the Forbidden City which was a highly guarded, with high walls, imperial city.
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Yonglo began to sponser oversea voyages lead by Zheng He, a Chinese Muslim admiral who lead seven voyages around the Indian Ocean and as far as Africa.They traveled in large fleet with as many as 300 boats to deminstrate China's power.
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Although after 1433 the new emperor stopped the oversea voyages because they were extreamly expinsive and thei resources would be better used for protection.
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Americaan crops such as corn and sweet potatos reached China and increa.sed the farm output
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The Ming weren't happy with the arrival of the European traders and Christian missionaries so they decided to isolate China to maintain their traditions. The Mings were also facing a threat to the north so the Ming built the Great Wall of China for protection and isolation. The Great Wall of China that we see today was built during the Ming period.
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An Italian priest, Matteo Ricci arrived. He adopted to the Chinese customs and language. He was accaoted into the Ming court where he was highly respected. He also thought European math and sciences.
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The Ming dynasty began to decline due to weak rulers and under their rule curruption increased.
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Crops faliures in China and high taxes lead to famine, hardship, and rebellions.
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Mancho took the Capital of China, Beijing. The last Ming emperor killed himself to avoid capture. Mancho then formed a new dynasty the Qing.
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The Qing dynasty was the last dynasty in 3,500 years of imperial rule in China. The dynasty lasted from 1644 to 1911.
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Kangxi was a great ruler who lowered taxes for peasents, expanded the empire, ans upported the arts. He ruled from 1661 to 1772.
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The Chinese writter, Cao Zhan wrote a book that examines the decline of an upper-class Chinese family called Dream of the Red Chamber which is considered one of China's greatest novels.
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Qianlong was Kangxi's grandson and also was a great leader. He brought the Qing dynasy to it's hight. He conquered more land such as Taiwan, Mongolia, and Tibet. While under his rule agriculture production continued to rise, a spike in China's population, and he built a thriving economy.
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At this time China's population was greatly increasing and by 1750 they had more 300 million residents.
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A Brittish official, Lord George Macartney came to China to discuss trade but he was sent away because he refused their demands
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The Europeans attempt to open China's isolated society would eventually topple the Qing dynasty and imperial rule
