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Period: to
Civil War
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First Battle of Bull Run
It is a confederate victory. The union wanted to attack the confederates left flank. Confederate soldiers got pushed up the hill. Onlookers from nearby prematurely celebrated a union victory, but the confederates had reinforcements. After two hours of attacks and counter attacks the confederates eventually won the battle. It gave the southerners hope and it made the northerners surprised. -
Hampton Roads
Southerners won this battle. This battle was the first day of ironclad ships. This day marked the end of wooden navies. Union ironclad monitor fought the Virginian ironclad. Virginia’s ironclad later was back on its way to the shipyard and the battle was over. This marked the end of wooden navies. -
Shiloh April 6 1862 (UNION/CONFEDERATE TIE)
" 2nd great engagement of the civil war". on April 6, 1862, The Confederate Generals executed an attack on the Union (General Grants forces), but they could not hold their positions, which was a Union win, with 23,000 total deaths. In February, Grant took Fort Henry and Fort Donelson. Grant planned another attack, but was attacked by General Johnston before receiving reinforcements. General Johnston was very wounded. On April 7 the battle ended, with both sides claiming victory. Both sides lose. -
Fort Sumter
Confederates win the battle. Fort Sumter was one of the last forts in the south that was under union control. It wasn’t of strategic value, but it was a symbol of unification. Southerners demanded the evacuation of the fort, but the union didn’t. Shelling occurred for 34 hours and no one was killed during battle. It unified and aroused the north. -
Second Bull Run July 1862 - September 5, 1862 (CONFEDERATE WIN)
John Pope's newly formed army was joined with Halleck's army, but General Lee formed a strike against pope's army before that was able to happen. After a fire fight between the confederates(General Jackson), on August 28 Pope prepared his army, and launched small group attacks on the confederates, with large amount of causalities on both sides. The Confederates then strike hard on the Union, forcing them back across Bull Run toward Washington. OUTCOME: Despair hit the North with the news of the -
Peninsula Campaign (UNION WIN)
On July 26, General Lee attacked with 85,000 men. McClellan retreated, with the claim his army was too small but had more than Lee. In November 1861, Mcclellan replaced Winfield Scott as general in chief of Union Army. Union and Confederacy fight, and Johnston was injured and General Lee takes control. OUTCOME: Union General changes -
Antietam
It is a Union victory. Near Antietam creek the first battle of the civil war on northern soil happened on September 17, 1862. George McClellan outnumbered Robert E. Lees army two to one. McClellan also found the lost battle plans of Lee but he didn’t use it to his advantage. Lee later retreated across the river on September 18, 1862. Lincoln made the justification for the emancipation proclamation. -
Fredericksburg
Confederates win the battle. Confederate forces retreated up the hill and dug in to set up their defenses. When the union reached the troops they tried to break through the lines. Union troops failed to hold their position due to not sending in more troops. Confederate victory raised the morale of all the troops. -
Chancellorsville
Confederates win the battle. Lee was outnumbered by almost two to one. Lee daringly split his troops to surprise the union soldiers. This victory came at a great cost because Lee lost one of his best men “Stonewall” Jackson due to friendly fire. This battle gave the confederates a route to Gettysburg -
Gettysburg
Union victory turns the tide. In the first day the confederates drove union soldiers up cemetery hill. On the second day the union reinforcements came, but they lost the orchard field and Daniel Sickles was wounded. When the third day came Lee told General Pickett to attack dug in union troops, but “Pickett’s charge” made him lose two thirds of his men. It turned the tide of the war for the Union. -
Vicksburg Spring of 1862 - July 4, 1863
At the beginning, the Union had 3 failed attempts to attack the confederacy, like using ironclads to subdue the batteries, and taking the city by land, and cutting canals around the city. Grant used a good strategy by using the "high-ground approach" and got behind enemy lines, with his 40,000 men army to Mississippi. Grants forces on May 2nd took Port Gibson, and on May 3rd he reach Grand Gulf. The confederacy made desperate attempts to link armies, but failed. South surrendered on Jul 4 -
Chickamauga
It’s a Union victory. This battle started over the railroad of Chattanooga which was a key part of the railroad systems. The confederates were losing and their morale was low but reinforcements strengthened up their army. After many days of battle the union held out and the confederates lost many men and generals. Though many wanted to keep attacking the Union but Bragg was preoccupied by their losses. It let the union troops get into Chattanooga safely. -
Gettysburg Address
Union is the winning side. President Abraham Lincoln addressed the war at the Gettysburg Cemetery. In just 272 words Lincoln reminded the union why they are at battle, and why they have to win. Before Lincoln got up to speak the crowd listened to Everett for two hours, while Lincoln’s speech lasted only two or three minutes. Reinvigorated the Lincoln’s speech north to win the war. -
Spotsylvania Feb 1864 - May 21 1864 (UNION WIN)
William T Sherman wanted to move his army to Georgia, and Grant ordered his Army to flank General Lee's army at the Spotsylvania Courthouse. On May 11, the Confederacy made a stand at the Yellow Tavern, near Richmond, then on May 12, the Union Nearly split Lee's army in half. On May 21, General Grant re-engaged his flank, which forced Lee and his army to move. OUTCOME: The confederacy was greatly affected, with the loss of men. -
Wildnerness May 5, 1864 - May 7, 1864 (CONFEDERATE WIN)
on May 5 the Union attacked the Confederacy, the battle was tough, because both sides were fighting in an enclosed forest with limited maneuverability and visibility. On May 6 Fighting was even worse due to smoke and fog, which forced troops into fire blinds, with little knowledge of what they were shooting at. The Union held their ground, but had many men dead. On May 7, the battle came to an end and the Union lost 17,500 , and the South lost 10,000. -
Petersburg Campaign June 9, 1864 - April 9, 1865 (UNION WIN)
The Union attacked 2 cities, losing many men, but they pushed forward to the Petersburg-Weldon railroad, General Ulysses S. Grant also captured Fort Harrison. Confederate RailRoads were destroyed and their troops were in bad shape. General Lee still owned Richmond and Petersburg. On March 25,1865 General Lee was left with 50,000 and General Grant has 120,000. General Lee then surrendered at Appomattox Court House. OUTCOME: The Confederates plans to join with General Joseph E Johnston failed, and -
Mobile Bay Aug 2, 1864 - Aug 23, 1864 (UNION WIN)
The Union invaded mobile bay, passing through several forts, Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan which controlled the mouth of the bay, After Forcing Tennessee to surrender, Fort Morgan Shut down the port, but the city remained uncaptured. OUTCOME: The union Sealed the Gulf Coast from further blockade running -
Shermans March Sept 2, 1864 - Dec 21, 1864 (UNION WIN)
Sherman's troops took down Atlanta, which was very important due to railroad hubs being located in the city. It was also an industrial town, which was vital to the confederates. The confederates fled to Tennessee taking down Union supplies as they went. Sherman then chased them with 2 groups of soldiers. 1 group has 60,000, the other 62,000 men. The Union had small encounters with the confederates , and annihilating everything in their paths. OUTCOME:The confederates lost many industries, -
Lincolns Assasination March 20, 1865 - April 14, 1865 (SOUTH WIN)
After many failed attempts, Booth, fired his 44 cal. into the back of lincolns head, and stabbed a young army office, Rathbone. OUTCOME: There were attacks on the cities that expressed support for Booth, and on Easter, Lincoln was praised. His body was transported to Springfield, Illinois. Andrew Johnson was sworn in following lincolns death. -
Appomattox
Union wins the war. Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant. He surrendered at the Appomattox court house in Virginia. Lee earlier fled from two towns hoping to escape with his remaining soldiers, but union soldiers cut them off. Civil war ended on this day.
