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He is one of the great researchers who influenced the economic thought of the 19th century, and the creator of the classical school in economics. He lives in England at the beginning of the industrial revolution. He writes The Wealth of Nations in 1776, which is a treatise on the functioning of the capitalist system, which will earn him the enmity of the bourgeoisie.
The state must intervene as little as possible and let the forces of supply and demand act freely -
This era was characterized by the appearance of various
inventions and discoveries, such as the steam engine, which provided industrial development consequently great changes in social organization.
The artisan workshops disappeared and production was centralized, which gave rise to the factory system where the businessman was the owner of the means of production, and the worker sold his labor power; specialization and mass production emerged -
It tells us that every company can be divided into 6 groups of functions, which are:
Technical functions, related to the production of goods or services of the company.
Commercial functions, related to the purchase, sale or exchange
Financial functions, related to the search and management of capital.
Security functions, related to the protection and preservation of property and people.
Accounting functions, related to inventories, records, balances -
The Principles of Scientific Management published in 1911 mentioned the principles that supported the scientific perspective of management and gave a new twist to the way work was done at that time, this is how people who manage production must acquire new responsibilities as will be seen below.
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The points were first featured in his book Out of the Crisis. Create constancy in the improvement of products and services, with the aim of being competitive and staying in business, in addition to providing jobs.
Adopt a new philosophy of cooperation in which everyone benefits, and put it into practice by teaching it to employees, customers and suppliers.
Give up reliance on mass inspection to achieve quality -
German sociologist who deeply analyzed organizations from different points of view, studied aspects of bureaucracy, democracy, authority and behavior. His works: "Economy and Society" and "Protestant Ethics"
CONTRIBUTIONS:
Types of society: Makes a clear division of societies indicating that within them there will always be preferences.
Types of authority: Consider that there are those who can exercise it and those who cannot. -
Theory of human relations
• The theory of human relations was developed by Elton Mayo and his collaborators Mery Perker Follet, Abraham Maslow and Douglas Mc Gregor in the United States in the year 1,930.
• It was basically ONE movement of reaction and opposition to the classical theory of administration. -
McGregor proposed two theories by which managers perceive and address employee motivation. ... Each assumes that the manager's role is to organize resources, including people, to better benefit the company -
Maslow's best known theoretical development is the pyramid of needs, a model that proposes a hierarchy of human needs, in which the satisfaction of the most basic or subordinate needs gives rise to the successive generation of higher or superordinate needs. -
Strategic control also focuses on ** the achievement of future objectives **, rather than the evaluation of past results. vis: The purpose of monitoring at the strategic level is not to answer the question: '' Have we made the right strategic decisions at some point in the past? '' but rather, 'How well are they doing now and how well will we do? in the? immediate future for which information is available? "the point is not to carry past mistakes
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Administrative systems are of vital importance for any type of company, regardless of their economic activity, if we do not have a very organized and very clear system to be able to improve the service to our clients every day, it will not be a successful company for what for different types of company. Some of the following approaches:
Organizational strategy
High performance teams
Benchmarking
Reengineering
Total quality
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