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Free public schools
In the state of Massachusetts, there was a law that was passed. This law stated that all grades of public schools that are opened, need to be free of charge. -
Horace Mann
He is known as the 'Father of the Common School Movement,' which was a movement devoted to creating a more equitable public school system characterized by quality teachers and a nonsectarian approach. He also pushed for mostly women to be teachers. -
Immigrants get educated
State of Massachusetts passes first its compulsory education law. The goal is to make sure that the children of poor immigrants get "civilized" and learn obedience and restraint, so they make good workers and don't contribute to social upheaval. -
Black Colleges
For many years, these colleges were not funded. The Morrill Act helped with this. This act provided land grants. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson decision. The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the state of Louisiana has the right to require "separate but equal" railroad cars for Blacks and Whites. This decision means that the federal government officially recognizes segregation as legal. One result is how the southern states are passing laws requiring racial segregation in public schools. -
NAACP (The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
The NAACP works to ensure that all disadvantaged students and students of color are on the path to college or a successful career by ensuring access to great teaching, equitable resources, and a challenging curriculum. -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. The Supreme Court agrees that segregated schools are "unequal" and must be abolished. "Separate but equal was unconstitutional". -
Bilingual Education Act
This act provided funding to schools in order to help them better accommodate students for whom English was not their first language. The students who had to have their teachers speak only English to them when their first language is something other, it would start to affect their grades.So, this makes it fair to every child to have a chance to succeed in their education. -
Title IX
Title IX makes sure that gender has no role in rejection. it clearly states "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance." In other words, everyone should be treated equal, regardless of their gender. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
Congress enacted the Education for All Handicapped Children Act by Gerald Ford. This act was created to support states and localities in protecting the rights of any individual with a disability. It also helped meeting the individual needs, and improving the results of these children. -
Plyler v. Doe
This case was made so states cannot deny students a free public education on account of their immigration status. Therefore, all students have a chance to get free education. The court based their decision off of the fourteenth amendment. -
No Child Left Behind
This act determines where funding goes based on how well districts perform on these exams. Therefore, the schools that are not doing so well and with fewer resources and more novice teachers or known as the low income neighborhoods, don't get any benefits.