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It was the process by which three British North American provinces—the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick—were united into one federation, called the Dominion of Canada. Canada became the first territory in North America being called as such and the first independent country in British Empire. -
Occurred periodically (the first one in 1887) and lead to the creation of the Imperial Conferences in 1911 (between self-governing colonies and dominions).
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Les membres fondateurs du Commonwealth dans les années 1920 sont le Royaume-Uni et les dominions : Afrique du Sud, Australie, Canada, État libre d'Irlande, Nouvelle-Zélande, et Terre-Neuve
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The term British Commonwealth of Nations was substituted for British Empire in the wording for the first time. Ireland adopted the same status as Canada and became an independent dominions
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It's issued by the Imperial Conference of British Empire leaders in London and declared the UK and Dominions to be "autonomous Communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs, though united by a common allegiance to the Crown, and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations". -
Sets the basis for the relationship between the Dominions (now called Commonwealth realms) and the Crown.
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Newfoundland voluntarily accepted the suspension of self-government in 1934 and governance reverted to direct control from London. Newfoundland later joined Canada as its tenth province in 1949.
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Australia ratified the statute of Westminster
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Partially destroyed after war, country under British domination became dominion with a similar statute as GB (particularly in India thanks to the peacemaking Gandhi)
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New Zealand ratified the statute of Westminster.
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Definition of Commonwealth membership's criteria
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Known as the Iron Lady, Thatcher was responsible for the end of social unrest (troubles sociaux).
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A ten-week undeclared war between Argentina and the UK over British dependent territories in the South Atlantic: the Falkland Islands (iles Malouines) and its territorial dependency, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.
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It was a treaty between the governments of the UK and China setting the conditions in which Hong Kong was transferred to Chinese control and for the governance of the territory after 1 July 1997
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End of Cold War -
The principles of world peace, liberty, human rights, equality, and free trade were inapplicable for two decades, until the Harare Declaration was issued, dedicating the leaders to applying the Singapore principles to the completion of décolonisation
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Hong Kong is given to China which officially "ends the Empire"