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The Silla Kingdom was located south of the Korean peninsula. It was a monarch government and its capital was Gyelngju-si.
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The Koguryo Kingdom was a Korean kingdom. It was known for controlling most of the Korean peninsula and near the center of Manchuria.
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The Paekche kingdom was located in southwest Korea. It was one of the three Korean governments.
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The Koryo Dynasty ruled over Goreo and the Korean peninsula for some time. Its line ended in 1392.
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The Mongols launched several campaigns against Korea's Koguryo kingdom. Many innocent people in close proximity of the Korean Peninsula died, and the invasions ended with the Yuan Dynasty ruling for eight decades.
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The Yi Dynasty ruled over the Joseon kingdom for five hundred years. It was not only the longest running dynasty of Korea, it was also its last.
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Two times, Japan attempted to invade Korea in the 1500s. In 1598, the Japanese forces were forced to retreat from Korea, albeit not for long.
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Like Japan, Manchu attempted to invade Korea twice within one century.
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The 38th parallel is 38 degrees north of the equator, forming a barrier between North and South Korea. This played a big part in the Korea War.
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The Korean War was between North and South Korea. Although the two stopped fighting on July 27 1953, it was never made official that the war was over.