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Susan B. Anthony
She was a key figure in the women's suffrage movement in US and she was later president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. She helped immensely in getting the 19th Amendement added to our Consitution, giving women the right to vote. Died March 13,1906 -
Andrew Carnegie
He was born November 25th of 1835. He owned the Carnegie Steel Company and was a major philanthropist during the Gilded Age. He used vertical integration to control every aspect of the industry and increase his profits. Died August 11, 1919 -
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Manifest Destiny
People spread westawrd because of the belief of Manifest Destiny This belief was basically that Americans could expand throughout the American conteninent was justified and inevitable. This destroyed the lives of Native Americans, their descendants, as well as their homes. -
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Suffrage
Womens suffrage was hardfought for because of the amount of time and effort it took from these women. After protesting, rallying, petitioning, campaigning, and trying for much longer than 70 years, the 19th Amendment was finally passed. This amendment gave women the right to vote in the US. -
Eugene V. Debs
He organized the American Railway Union (Pullman Strike of 1894). He led the Socialist Party in 5 elections (winning none) and was later sentenced to 10 years in prison for opposing US involvement in WW2. Died October 20, 1926 -
Clarence Darrow
He was an American lawyer who defended several trade union leaders, including Eugene V. Debs.He was involved in campaigns again child labor and capital punishment. His most famous case was The Monkey Trial which was about John T. Scopes, who was a teacher violating a Tennesee Law by teaching the evoluton theory. Died March 13, 1938 -
Teddy Roosevelt
Born OCt. 27,1858. He was president during this time period and was focused on getting rid of monopolies (which were rampart during this time) by using the Sherman Antitrust Act. He introduced the "Square Deal" which helped all classes economy and industrial-wise. He was a well loved president and was relected. Died January 6, 1919 -
William Jennings Bryan
Became Nebraska Congressman in 1890. At the 1896 Democratic convention, he gave his Cross of Gold speech about favoring free silver.Served as Pres. Wilson's Secretary of State until 1914. Campainged for peace, prohibition and suffrage. He was against the teachings of evolution. Died July 26, 1925 -
Jane Addamns
She was born Sept. 6th, 1860. She co-opened the Hull House, which was the first settlement in Chicago. The Hull House provided services for both the poor and also immigrants who were in need. She served on Chicago's Board of Education in 1905, chaired the School Management Committee, and in 1910 became the first female president of the National Conference of Social Work. She established the National Federation of Settlements in 1911. She later won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1931. Died May 21, 1935 -
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Indian Removal
"Kill the Indian, Save the Man" sums up Indian Removal. Things like the Dawes Act and Homestead Act basically removed the Native Americans from their homes for us to take the land and make a profit off of it, meanwhile killing MILLIONS of buffalo as well. The railroads, farming, and ranching took over what was once their land, while they were forced to live on reservations. -
Homestead Act
Signed into law by Abe Lincoln. This encouraged western migration in the US and by providing settlers with 160 acres of public land. There was a small filing fee and you had to make use of the land for five years and build a home before rerceiving it permanently. This was very popular for many people during the Gilded Age. -
Ida B. Wells
She was an American Civil Rights advocate, and also a founding member of the NAACP. She won a lawsuit against a railroad company for them forcing her out of her seat. She heavily campaigned against lynching. Died March 25, 1931 -
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Political Machines
Boss Tweed of Tammany Hall was a major political machine of the time, running New York City. Political machines basically took money from communities they were in and used it for personal power and gain. -
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The Gilded Age
This was a term coined by Mark Twain about the rapid growth in America from the North and the West. There was a great deal of immigration, urbanization, populism, progressiviism, and much much more to define this era, There were political machines, amendments, and equality. -
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Social Gospel
This was a Protestant Christian intellectual movement that was prominent during the Gilded Age. This pushed people to push for labor reforms as well as business reforms. -
Dawes Act
AKA The General Atollment Act. Introduced by Henry Dawes to break up previous land settlements given to Native Americans in the form of reservaions and breaking them into seperated, smaller parcels of land to live on. -
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Urbanization & Industrialization
Cities began forming and growing by people moving inwards into suburbs instead of rural living.(New York, Chicago, etc.) People began to work more in factories and on railroads instead of on farms. -
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Populism & Progessivism
Established in 1891, the "People's Party" protested high freight charges and the big business government in general. They wanted to provide relief from debt and lower prices on farming and food. Teddy Roosevelt brought progressivism on strong by being a firm believer in things like "trust busting" which was the breaking up of giant monopolies who controlled prices and prevented competitors from joining the market. -
Upton Sinclair
In 1906, he authored "The Jungle" which was a novel exposing the horrible conditions of the meatpacking industry. This caused a massive public outcry that quickly led to the Meat Inspection Act of 1906. Died November 25, 1968 -
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Immigration & the American Dream
Immigrants came literally by the boatload from many countries (mainly European) to chase the American dream, have more opportunity and a better life for their families. -
Civil Service Reform
The Pendleton Act was signed by the president at the time on 1/16/1883 and it made it so that governement jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of just having ties with people already in the government. Now you have to take competitive exams in order to obtain the job. During this age, this was a common problem because the government was easily manipulated. -
Haymarket Riot
It was a protest against the killings of several workers by Chicago police. When police came to break this up, a protestor threw a bomb into the mass and it killed 7 police officers and at least one civilian. This was part of when unions were trying for better conditions in the Glded Age. -
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Nativism
Nativism is the "policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.' Nativists were people who were descendants of mainly German and Irish immigrants, but when more immigrants began to flow in from much poore, illiterate countries, they became upset and tried to protect themselves from such hate that came about because they were no part of these new immigrants. -
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Muckraker
These were people who authors, cirtics, reporters, and journalists who were trying to expose the evils of the Gilded Age. For example, Upton Sinclair exposed the meatpacking industry, causing Congress to pass the Pure Food and Drug Act. Theodore Roosevelt named them Muckrakers because they would rake themselves to the filth of the floor. Roosevelt did not like them obviously because they were trying to expose the realities of his successes. -
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Klondike Gold Rush
This took place in Alaska. There was a migration of around 100,000 prospectors to what is now the Klondike region. People were looking to get rich quick by joining in on this, after the purchase of Alaska and the finding of gold up there, Even today there are people digging for gold. -
Third Party Politics
This is when a part other than the 2 main political parties (Republican and Democrat) are used. I chose November 4, 1904 as a date of reference because Eugene V. Debs ran for president under the Socialist Party on this date, which would be an example of third party politics. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
After the exposure of meat conditions being disgusting, this was passed. The act provided federal inspections of meat products and forbade the production or selling of food products that aren't up to standard. -
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Dollar Diplomacy
President Taft's version of Roosevelt's "Big Stick Theory" is the Dollar Diplomacy. Dollar Diplomacy was used to convince cmaller countries to support the US by investing American dollars into their economies. We did this for many Latin American countries but later had to send in troops to protect our investments, Dollar Diplomacy failed. -
Initiative, Referendum, Recall
Ore.Populist Party State Rep U'Ren (along with his Direct Legislation League), voters in Ore. greatly approved a ballot measure (1902) that created the initiative/referendum processes for people to directly introduce/approve proposed laws/amendments to state constitutions. U'Ren then added the recall part which gave voters the power to recall the elected officials. -
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16th, 17th, 18,19th Amendments
The 16th Amendment is about the ability to lay and collect income tax, which was passed to use this on big businesses. The 17th (4/8/1913) established direct election of US Senators by popular vote, instead of being chosen by state legislatures. The 18th (1/16/1919) banned all alcohol because people like the Protestants and many women believed Americans were becoming alcoholics. It was later removed in 1933. The 19th (8/18/1920) gave women the right to vote, ending women's suffrage. -
Federal Reserve Act
Signed into law by Woodrow Wilson.It was an act of congress that created the Federal Reserve System and gave it the authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes and Bank Notes (US dollars) as legal tender. -
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Tea Pot Dome Scandal
This took place during the presidency of William G. Harding. This is another of a poltical machine during the Gilded Age. Secratary of the Interior leased the Navy's petroleum reserves in Teapot Dome, Wyoming and 2 other locations in CA to private oil companies for low rates without competitive bidding. This was illegal and was used to bribe these companies.
