Joan of Arc

Birth Date

Jan 6, 1412

Joan of Arc was born in Domremy, France on January 6, 1412. Her father's name was Jacques d'Arc, and he was a farmer. Her mother's name was Isabelle Romee, and she was involved with the religion in Domremy. Joan had four siblings also. (Lace 27)

Dutch Fisherman First Use of Drift Nets

Jan 1, 1416

Drift net fishing involves attaching large vertical-hanging nets to floats being dragged by the boat. This was very important for the Dutch to use, because it brought in a lot more profit for them by catching more fish at one time. This process is illegal now though, because other animals besides fish were being caught up in these nets, and it was endangering the lives of a lot of different underwater animals. (Grun 203)

Pope Martin V Elected in Rome

Jan 1, 1417

The election of Pope Martin V signified the end of the Great Schism. The Great Schism was when the Roman Catholic Church split, because the King of France decided to elect his own pope, resulting in two popes that were in power. This lasted until Pope Martin V came into power, and there was only room for one pope. (Grun 202)

Filippo Brunelleschi Designs the Foundling Hospital in Florence

Jan 1, 1419

The Foundling Hospital was the first Renaissance building by Bruneschelli. He wished to steer clear of the Gothic building traditions, and decided to base his work on Roman architecture. Unfortunately, Bruneschelli was more successful in architecture than in sculpture. (Grun 203)

First Time Hearing Voices

Jul 1, 1424

One day, Joan heard a voice in her head at the age of thirteen. This voice instructed her to go to church often and remain a virgin. If Joan followed these instructions, God would protect her. Although Joan was greatly afraid of this voice, she followed its rules. (Lace 29)

Holland Becomes Center of European Music

Jan 1, 1426

This was the type of music during the Renaissance period. Many popular composers wer active in this period of time, including Josquin des Prez and Antonello da Messina. Music in this time period was composed mostly for the church, and some of the instruments were the bowed lyra and pan flute. (Grun 205)

Received Specific Instructions from the Voices in Her Head

Jan 1, 1428

The voices in her head, who had revealed themselves to be Saint Michael the Archangel, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret, gave her very specific instructions. She was to go to Valcouleurs and convince Robert de Baudricourt to send her to Chinon where the dauphin was. Then, from Chinon, she was to lead troops to lift the English siege of Orleans. From there, she would escort Charles the dauphin to Reims, where he would be crowned king. Joan finally had the push to protect France. (Lace 31)

First Meeting with Charles the Dauphin

Mar 8, 1429

At the first meeting with Charles, Joan was dressed as a man. Joan was questioned by him, to prove her worthiness. Joan proved to be very respectful, and someone that Charles wanted on his side. Also, at this meeting, Joan informed the dauphin that she would help him become king. (Lace 40)

English Lift Siege of Orleans

May 8, 1429

Joan arrived at Orleans withe her French army. They had come from Chinon, and the English had been besieging Orleans for five months by now and were on the verge of capturing it. Joan did not want this to happen, so she captured the English field fortifications. This forced the English troops to withdraw, and Orleans was under the control of the French again. (Hundred Years War)

French Win Battle of Patay

Jun 18, 1429

Thsi was a very important battle in the Hundred Years War. Joan of Arc led her army to remove the English from the rest of their Loire holdings. They were successful in this battle, and it made the city of Orleans even more secure under the French rule. (Hundred Years War)

Charles the Dauphin is Crowned King Charles VI in Reims

Jul 7, 1429

After securing Orleans for the French, Joan escorted Charles the dauphin to Reims. At Reims, Charles was crowned King Charles VII. This was the last part of her mission that was outlined the voices in her head, and she was very successful. (Lace 31) (Hundred Years War)

Attack on Paris Fails

Sep 8, 1429

Joan decided to capture Paris with her army. This attack failed miserably, and this was Joan's first defeat in all of the wars she participated in. She suffered a debilitating wound, and it forced her to retreat. (Hundred Years War)

Modern English Developes From Middle English

Jan 1, 1430

For hundredsof years, Middle English was the language that many people used. There were many new developments during this time period, including Modern English. Modern English improved the communication between different people, and we still use Modern English today. (Grun 204)

Captured by the Burgundians at Compiegne

May 23, 1430

Joan of Arc was leading an army out of Compiegne, and she got seperated from her army force. She got captured by the Burgundians and then sold to the English for 10,000 gold coins. She was locked up in jail, and would eventually have a trial. (O'Reilly) (Hundred Years War)

University of Poitiers Founded

Jan 1, 1431

Pope Eugene IV founded this university in 1431. It is the second oldest university in France. Some of the famous people who went here are François Rabelais, René Descartes, and Francis Bacon. Today, this university is extremely popular, and has more than 27,000 students. (Grun 205)

Death Date

May 30, 1431

Joan of Arc was burned at the stake by the English in Rouen. After being captured the English, she was tried as a heretic, which is someone who refuses to follow the rules of the Catholic Church. She was also tried as a witch becuase of the voices she supposedly heard, and for wearing men's clothes in the war. (O'Reilly)

Declared a Saint

May 16, 1920

She was declared a saint in St. Peter's Basilica, and her feast day is on May 30 every year for the Catholic Church. To become a saint, one must do something big for their country, and Joan had saved France. Then, miracles are approved by the Holy Father to be performed by Joan, and then Joan was ready to become a saint. These miracles included curing a leg ulcer, an ulcer in the breast, and a curing of stomach cancer. (Frohlick)