-
Socrates was an Ancient Greek Philosopher who clashed with the current direction of Athenian politics and society by his queries and judgement. Socrates believed that if one knows what the good is, they will always do what's good. One will act in a courageous, self-controlled, and just manner if they truly understand the concept of it. It is often seen in people such as those who return lost valuable items to the rightful owners instead of commiting theft. -
Plato is widely regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of all time, and scholars consider him to be the most influential philosopher in Western history. Plato claims that moral concepts are universal in the sense that they exist outside of human norms in a spirit-like realm. According to him, they are absolute, or infinite; in the sense that they never change, and universal in the sense that they belong to all sentient creatures everywhere and at all times. -
In Arabic philosophy, he was recognized as "The First Teacher," while in the West, he was known as "The Philosopher." Acts that are beneficial to man's benefit are the focus of Aristotle's ethics. His “The Golden Mean Principle” states that to be happy, live in a life of moderation. Between the extremes of excess and deficiency, overdoing and underdoing. It's a princicple that's applicable even in business, such as on profit and performance in order to keep the business running. -
Thomas Hobbes believed that humans are selfish creatures who will go to any length to enhance their circumstances. Hobbes believed that if individuals were to be left by themselves, they would act on their bad impulses; hence, they could not be trusted to make decisions on their own. Furthermore, Hobbes believed that nations, like people, are motivated by self-interest. For him, each country is constantly fighting for power and money. An example that is seen of this is political corruption. -
Jeremy Bentham is an English philosopher and social reformer regarded as the founder of "Utilitarianism". Utilitarian ethics explains that "the most ethical choice is one that will produce the greatest good for the greatest number". His rule states that the outcomes of an action, regardless of its intention or objective, determine whether or not it is correct. Most people follow this rule by doing charity works or any action that results for the greater good.