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The first attempt of establishing iron and steel smelting in Australia took place in NSW near Mittagong but closed in 1877 because it was not economical.
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The Victoria MIning Company started a Smelting Plant, later to become the Lal Lal Iron Mining Co.Ltd.
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A small blast furnace was operated into the 1880s but was never economic. An employee was sent to Britain to learn about the technology associated with the construction of a blast furnace, but it was five years before any satisfactory production was achieved. A product from the furnace was iron locomotive wheels.