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Sepoys began to notice that the cartridges of their new Enfield rifles were greased with beef and pork fat, soldiers had to bite off the ends to use them.This made them angry because Hindus consider the cows sacred and Muslims don’t eat pork. The soldiers refused to accept the cartridges so they were jailed, but they rebelled and went to Delhi.
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The British government took direct control of India. Hindus and Muslims were not happy because of this movement by the British.
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A hero is born! Mahatma Gandhi is born in Porbandar, India.
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Two groups were formed in India to get rid of foreign rule: One of them was the primarily Hindu Indian National Congress (Congress Party).
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The father of Gandhi dies because of a natural disease. No sickness was reported. This happened when Gandhi was only 16 years old.
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Gandhi is travelling to South Africa as a lawyer but the train leaves him on the streets when they found out that he was Indian. British colonies where on South Africa at that moment.
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The nationalist were angry because of the partition of Bengal. They were angry because it was divided in a Muslim section and a Hindu section, which made it difficult for them to unite and call for an independence.
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The other was the Muslim League, which was formed in 1906. This group of people ended up forming the country of Pakistan.
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The British now divided Bengal in a different way that favors both Hindus and Muslims because they are not seperate anymore.
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Gandhi returns from South Africa and is received as a hero in India. He is applauded when he returns.
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Gandhi gives a speech to a group of wealthy Indians in which he says that they must not take the position that the British people had. They must also be fair with the other economical based groups in India.
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Indian troops returned home from the war and expected the British to give them reforms that would led to self-government. This did not happen and they continued to be treated with less value than the British. Nationalists began to show their anger through violence.
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The British passed on the Rowlatt Acts. This laws allowed the government to jail Indians without trial for as long as two years. Then, the Amritsar Massacre happened, in a major city in the Punjab. A lot of Indians got killed and were buried together in a pile. They wanted independence.
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Indian Capitalists wanted their independence but the British refused and started to machine-gun the crowd, which resulted in 300 deaths and thousands injured. This was the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
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Protesting became violent, the Indians burned all of the British cloth and chased them. They killed one English soldier.
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Gandhi organized a plan to complain about the Salt Acts. This laws forbidding the Indians to make their own salt, they could only buy it from the government (had to pay taxes as well). They marched 240 miles to the sea cost to evaporate and make their own salt. A groups of Indians also intended to shut the government’s saltworks down but they were attacked by officers.
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The British allow the Indians to be self-governed but they had limited democratic elections. They did not have total independence yet. Tension between the Hindus and Muslims began to grow.
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The British House of Commons passed an act that granted two nation's independence; India and Pakistan. A lot of people had to decide which nation they would join. People such as Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs had trouble to get to where they needed to go because other people who believed in other religions attacked them with violence.
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Gandhi was killed by a man (who was Hindu) with a gun because he believed he protected Muslims too much.
