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The Union, composed of mostly Northern states, fought the Confederacy, composed of mostly Southern states, after the Southern states tried to secede from the Union in order to preserve slavery in their states. At 4:30 a.m. on the date presented, Confederate troops fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina's Charleston Harbor. Within 34 hours, Union forces surrendered. This event marked the beginning of the American Civil War.
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Scottish-born inventor, scientist and engineer Alexander Graham Bell invented the first practical telephone, forever changing the way that human beings communicate. On this specific date, three days after the U.S. Patent office issued Bell's patent to him, Bell succeeded in getting his telephone to work.
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German engineer Carl Benz is widely regarded as the inventor of the first practical automobile. He received a patent for the automobile on this day in 1886, forever changing the way that humans travel.
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World War I, while not as important as World War II, was still a major event in world history, as it marked the World War in history. Conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia began when Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist. A month later, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey fought against France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States in the first major worldwide battle for Europe.
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World War II is considered one of the most important wars in history. It pitted democracy and human rights against fascism, nationalism, and racism. World War II began in Europe on the date presented, when Germany, under the Nazi regime of Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland. Great Britain and France responded by declaring war on Germany two days later. France, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States fought Germany, Italy, and Japan in the ultimate fight for human rights and democracy.
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In the midst of a revolution spanning nearly a decade, Chairman Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The Communist Republic still remains in power today, although with some additional open market reforms under leaders such as Deng Xiaoping.
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In response to the Soviet Union's successful space escapades, NASA lands the first men on the moon. Astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins landed on the moon, and Armstrong stepped on the Moon on July 21 at 2:56 UTC.
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Millions of people gather in the United States for the first Earth Day, organized by former Wisconsin senator Gaylord Nelson and Denis Hayes, a Harvard graduate student. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was established.
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English computer scientist and former CERN employee Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989, forever changing our culture and the way that we communicate. The early versions of the internet had already existed for decades by this time, but the World Wide Web helped popularize use of the internet by people around the world. According to the World Wide Web Foundation, founded by Berners-Lee, the World Wide Web will turned 30 years old on March 12th, 2019.
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Harvard students Mark Zuckerberg, Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes founded the social networking site and tech conglomerate Facebook in February 2004. Originally known as "TheFacebook," the website forever revolutionized the way that humans communicate through the internet.
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Steve Jobs introduced the first iPhone on January 9th, 2007, and the smartphone was released a few months later. The phone revolutionized the way that humans communicate and pass their time today.
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