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Human rights milestones

By walbak09
  • universal declaration of human rights

    universal declaration of human rights

    Main content: The basic and fundamental rights
    codification: All 193 member states has ratified one of the nine binding treaties influenced by UDHR.
    jurisdiction: universal- can be arrested in other countries if committed serious crimes.
    Milestone: First to set out that human rights are universal.
  • Geneva Convention on the treatment of prisoners of war (the 3rd))

    Geneva Convention on the treatment of prisoners of war (the 3rd))

    Main content: During WW2
    codification: Ratification
    jurisdiction:
    Milestone:

  • GCIV Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War

    Main content: Humanitarian projects for civilians in a war zone during WW2
    Codification: Parties
    Jurisdiction:
    Milestone:
  • ECHR: European convention of human rights

    ECHR: European convention of human rights

    Main content: A response to the growth of Stalinism after WW2
    Codification: 46 Council of Europe member states
    Jurisdiction: Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe
    Milestone

  • CPPCG genocide convention

    Main content: International treaty that criminalizes genocide. First legal instrument to codify genocide as a crime
    Codification: 152 state parties
    Jurisdiction: ICJ
    Milestone: The first legal instrument to codify genocide as a crime and the first HR treaty unanimously adopted by the GA.

  • convention relating to the status of refugees

    Main content: A UN multilateral treaty that defines who refugees are. It also builds on UDHR
    Codification:
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    Milestone: Adopted in 1951, it has been argued to no longer hold ground, though some aspects still stand.

  • ICCPR: international covenant on civil and political rights

    Main content: multilateral treaty
    Codification: As of June 2022, the Covenant has 173 parties and six more signatories without ratification, most notably the People's Republic of China and Cuba. North Korea is the only state that has tried to withdraw.
    Jurisdiction: UNHRC
    Milestone: Considered a seminal document in the history of HR, forming part of the International Bill of HR.

  • ICESCR: international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights

    Main content: Multilateral treaty
    Codification: As of July 2020, the Covenant has 171 parties. A further four countries, including the United States, have signed but not ratified the Covenant.
    Jurisdiction: CESCR
    Milestone: A part of the International Bill of HR

  • convention on the elimination of all form of racial discrimination

    Main content: 3rd gen. Criminalize hate speech and membership of racist organisations. It has limited jurisprudence on the interpretation, and implementation as it includes an individual complaints mechanism.
    Codification:
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  • declaration on torture

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  • convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women

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  • convention against torture and other cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment or punishment

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  • convention on the rights of the child

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  • Vienna convention on Human rights (Vienna Convention on the law of treaties)

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  • Charter of the fundamental rights of the EU

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