-
1954 Brown vs Board Education
The Supreme Court ruled that separating children in accordance with race was unconstitutional. It revoked the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision mandating “separate but equal “. Brown v. Board of Education was one of the cornerstones of the civil rights movement. -
1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 was originally passed as part of the Lyndon B. Johnson administration’s War on Poverty campaign. The goal of the law, which remains today was to provide equality for students from lower-income families by providing federal funds to school districts. This provides education for all students, including those with a disability. -
1973 The Rehabilitation Act
This act prohibits discrimination based on disability in programs conducted by Federal agencies. This was the first legislation to address the notion of equal access for individuals with disabilities through the removal of architectural, employment, and transportation barriers. The Rehabilitation Act protected the rights od disabled students and guarantee the education that they deserve. -
1982 Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School v. Rowley
The Act's requirement of a "free appropriate public education" is satisfied when the State provides personalized instruction. The instruction must provide sufficient support services to permit the handicapped child to benefit educationally from them. The act was the first interpretation of what then called the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (now the individuals with Disabilities Education Act, “IDEA”). -
1986 Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments
The act expands the availability of an appropriate and free public education to children ages 3 through 5 who are disabled. This law makes a requirement for states that offer interdisciplinary educational services to disabled toddlers, infants, and their families to receive financial grants. These financial grants act as incentives for states to provide for children from birth to age 2 that have disabilities. -
1988 Honig v. Doe
The case represents the principle of “zero reject.” This prohibits the removal of the students from the school due to a disability. Students who are deemed dangerous to other may be suspended up to 10 school day, but they must continue receiving FAPE. -
1990 Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)
The ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the public. The term handicapped was replace with “individual with a disability. The purpose of the law is to assure that people with disabilities have the same right and opportunities as everyone else.
https://youtu.be/zKyjshcxbI0 -
1997 EHA became the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Every child is entitled to a free and appropriate public education When a school professional believes that a student between the age of 3 and 21 may have a disability, the student is entitled to an evaluation in all areas related to the suspected disability. IDEA concentrated on the individual education plan (IEP). This IEP is created by a team which includes a general education teacher and behavior plan (if warranted).
https://sites.ed.gov/idea/ -
2001 No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
Former President Bush signed the NCLB. The focus of No Child Left Behind act is to ensure that students with disadvantages, achieve academic proficiency. This act allows school districts flexibility in how they use federal education funds to improve student achievement. -
2004 Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act ensures that all children with disabilities are entitled to a free appropriate public education to meet their unique needs.
This act established a new requirement calling for a summary of academic and “functional performance”. This shall be given to every student who exist special education by graduating with a regular diploma or exceeding the age for special education under state law.