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First Special Education School
The first school catered for special education was opened, The American Asylum for the Education and Instruction of Dead and Dumb in Hartford, Ct. During its first year they had seven students. The school taught all core classes in efforts to help all students no matter a disability to be on the same level. -
The Arc
Created by parents who expressed a strong opinion in regards to the education being given to their special needs children. The Arc provides support for parents and students by advocating for them on a federal level. Includes volunteer units and professional organizations and, continues to grow and be a strong pillar of the community today. -
Handicapped Children's Early Education Assistance Act
This legislation focused on all students with disabilities receiving an education. They initially funded early education and preschool programs. This is seen as a stepping stone towards equality for all students with disabilities.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/001440296903500506?journalCode=ecxc -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) sued the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania because of a state law that allowed public schools to deny education to children with disabilities. The District Court judge deemed that no child with a disability should be denied an education. The children had the right to an equal education designed to their needs. The exclusion of children with disabilities was deemed unlawful. -
PL 93-112: Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504
This is the first federal civil rights law focused on protecting the rights of individuals with disabilities. Individuals with disabilities cannot be excluded from participation in education, denied benefits of, or subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. This act protects children and adults with disabilities.
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PL 94-142: Education for All Handicapped Children Act
All children with a disability must be provided a free and appropriate public education in the US. The regulations included due process, IEP's, confidentiality, personnel development, non restrictive learning environments, no cost to parents, discrimination free evaluations. This allows all students with a disability to receive the proper help and treatment. -
Foundation for Children with Learning Disabilities
Founded by Pete and Carrie Rozell. The orgnization provided leadership, public awareness and grants to support research and innovative practices in learning disabilities. This organization helped children with disabilities to be embraced by their respective communities. -
Honig v. Doe
A Supreme Court case that ruled that the California school Board had violated the Education for All Handicapped Children Act for expelling a student for his violent disruptive behavior due to his disability. This court case ruled that schools cannot expel students for behaviors related to their disability.
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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Provides civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities for equal opportunity in employment, public accommodations, transportation, state and local government services, and telecommunications. Ensures that schools and public buildings have accessible areas. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
This replaced the Education of the Handicapped Act. IDEA ensures that children with disabilities are able to access a free appropriate public education regardless of ability. IDEA also strives not only to grant equal access to students with disabilities, but also to provide additional special education services and procedural safeguards. Provides students with Individualized Educational Plans (IEPs), enhanced educational accountability, and much more.
