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Founded in 1817, the American School for the Deaf was the first permanent school for the deaf in the United States. The school was opened in Hartford, Connecticut. During that time, most Americans lived on farms or in small towns. That resulted in it being difficult to start schools for the deaf because of the population. The school had to be opened and served in a larger area. Most of them were boarding schools because of the location. -
Founded in 1829, to provide education and accessibility to students who are blind or visually impaired. Dr. John Fisher was the first person to open the school in the United States. Dr. Fisher opened it after being in France observing practices from the blind. Perkins -
Perkins School opened in 1832 in Boston with Samuel Gridley Howe becoming the first director. In the beginning, the school did not have the funds to provide a school however, Samuel convinced his father to turn his house into a school. It began with 2 teachers, Samuel's sisters, and 6 students. -
In 1840 in Rhode Island, the law for mandating compulsory education was passed. Mandating Compulsory Education means that children should receive an education and the government should provide the education. Rhode Island was the first state in Massachusetts in 1852. What is Compulsory Education? -
Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind was recognized by Congress in 1864. President Abraham Lincoln signed the Act. In 1865 it was named "National Deaf-Mute College" and in 1894 it was named "Gallaudet College". History Through Deaf Eyes – A College -
In 1871, the American Association of Instructors of the Blind was founded by William B. Wait. For 40 years he's been part of the association taking the lead. -
This case was held in Lousiana which allowed "equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races." This case came to be in 1892 when an African American man named Homer Plessy refused to give up his seat in a train car. The case was the first major study into the meaning of the 14th Amendment. Law Case -
The Beattie v. Board of Education was held in Wisconsin of 1919. The Suprene Court of Wisconsin. It started when a student had a condition that caused drooling and facial contortions. In response, the teacher found it to be "nauseating".
THe Supereme Court upholds banning in the case and denies the right for a child with "cerebal palsy" to attend school regardless of brainpower. Beattie v. Board of Parole -
The council was organized by administrators and supervisors that were attending a summer session at Columbia University. The council began with 12 members. The founder and the first President of the council was Elizabeth E. Farrell. CEC announces the start of the professional standards for special education as the main aim for the council. CEC -
Bradley Home was first psychiatric hospital for children. The hospital was named after the founder's daughter Emma. Emma had encephalitis at the age of 7. Encephalitis left Emma with a few disabilities and her parents began to study and try to find a cure which led to none. In their will, Emma parents requested to have a home be changed into a treatment facility for children. Bradley Hospital -
In 1933 the Cuyahoga County Council for the Retarded Child came to be. This council was led by parents who have children with developmental disabilities. Which was founded to help children who were banned to attend school in their region because of their disabilities. -
In 1943, Leo Kanner published the first description of what autism is. Kanner wrote an article where 11 children in his clinic where these children mainly focused or obsessed over objects. Which Kanner made the term “infantile autism”. Another doctor wrote an article with similar experience but the article was almost invisible because Kanner has become popular among many doctors. Kanner Syndrome -
Association for Retarded Children In Minneapolis, MN in 1950 parents grouped from all ovewe the country in order to help with The Arc. he Arc becomes the first organization to put money into research on intellectual and developmental disabilities.
The association increase its defense for research. The association ashed Congress for full support for an International Research Plan. -
The case was being argued because Brown was arguing that the decision, Plessy v Ferguson, violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. Similar cases had been argued but did not make it past the lower courts. The final decision was that "separate but equal
was violating the 14th Amendment and would instill a sense of inferiority that would affect African-American children's education. -
In 1965, President Lyndon Baines Johnson signed ESEA into law. President Johnson believed that "full educational opportunity" should be "our first national goal." As a result, ESEA became a civil rights law. ESEA provides new grants for students who have low incomes. -
PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION FOR RETARDED CITIZENS (PARC)
This case became the first right-to-education suit in the United States. This case is to provide a free public education for children with mental retardation. -
This case was held that students with disabilities are qualified to education, and that education can't be denied based on the accommodations' additional cost to the school. -
Founded by disability activists, led by Ed Roberts, in Berkeley, California in 1972. These were created to provide peer counseling and support. The centers are run and controlled by people with disabilities. -
Section 504 is a law that "protects qualified individuals from
discrimination based on their disability".
Section 504 was the very first disability civil rights law to be authorized in the United States. -
Least Restrictive Environment was passed in 1975.
LRE "mandates that children with disabilities, including students in public or private schools or other care facilities, are to be educated, to the maximum extent that is appropriate, with children who are not disabled." -
In 1975, President Ford signed the law. This federal law required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. This law is also known as the Public Law 94-14. -
This case was the U.S. Supreme Court's first interpretation of what was then called the Education for All Handicapped Children Act which is now the IDEA.
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This act guarantees that disabled children, ages 3-5 are assured a Free and Appropriate Public Education like their nondisabled classmates or peers. This act also guarantees that public teachers keep parents of disabled children informed of decisions regarding their child and involved with their child’s education. -
ADA became a law in 1990. ADA is a civil rights law that forbids discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life and all public and private places that are open to the public. The reason for this law is that all people with disabilities have the same rights as everyone else. -
IDEA is a federal law where it supports special education and related service programming for children and teenagers with disabilities. It was known as the Education of Handicapped Children Act and was changed in 1990. This law supported the least restrictive environment. -
No Child Left Behind was the main law for K–12 general education. It started in 2002 and it ended in 2015. This law requires states to establish student academic standards as well as an assessment system to ensure that all students are meeting the academic standards.
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In 2004, President Bush signed IDEA. The reauthorization lined up the IDEA with the No Child Left Behind Act requirements. This reauthorization includes early intervening services and standards raising for teachers who teach students with disabilities. -
Replaced the previous education law called “No Child Left Behind.” This act was signed by President Obama on December 10, 2015. The act provides help to ensure success for students and schools.