History of Special Education

  • Brown v. Board of Education

    U.S. Supreme Court ruling that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. This led to the Civil Rights Movement, and desegregation in schools across America.
  • PARC v. Pennsylvania

    This ruling led to free and appropriate public education. Students with intellectual disabilities were denied public education. This was because of their disabilities.
  • Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia

    Seven children were denied public education. D.C. board of education said they lacked the funding to support them. The outcome was that lack of funding was not an excuse.
  • Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

    This is a plan that outlines the accommodations and services for students even if they are not categorized under special education.
  • Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA)

    This is to ensure students are places in their least restrictive environment. This was the first federal law to mandate special education services in public school.
  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

    This is to ensure students with disabilities receive special education services. These services are to meet with specific needs.
  • Americans with Disabilities Act

    This prohibits people and places to discriminate against people with disabilities. This includes employers/schools/government agencies.
  • No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

    This act allows for all children, regardless of their background succeed in their education. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/infocus/bushrecord/factsheets/No-Child-Left-Behind.html
  • Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District

    An IEP must be written so a child can make progress on their goals. They have raised the standards in IEP writing.
  • COVID-19 Pandemic and Remote Learning Disruption

    COVID 19 put a huge damper on the education system. There were many challenges within the special education field. We had to make many adjustments to in our way of teaching. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9vgBUKHumg