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Diana v. California State Board
This created a new law that required that a child must be tested in their primary language. This law was specifically geared toward children that were placed in the special education programs. -
Indian Education Act
This was a law that allowed for the unique needs of the American Indian and Alaska Native students to be met. It recognized that the students had unique culturally related academic needs and gave them services that the Bureau of Indian Affairs didn't provide for them already. -
Case of Lau v. Nichols
The case made it mandatory for school districts to give equal opportunities to all of their students regardless of their English language ability. This was specifically due to the San Francisco School district failing to provide English language instruction to the Chinese-American students who did not speak English as their primary language. This was foudnd to violate the Civil Rights Act of 1964. -
Equal Educational Opportunities Act
In regards to multicultural education, this act protected the rights of the students who were limited in their ability to read, write, and speak the English language. It made it so no state could deny a student an equal opportunity to education based on their color, gender, race, or national origin as well as making it so students were not deliberately segregated. -
National Association of Bilingual Education
This associated is a non-profit organization that supports equality in the education for bilingual or multilingual students. It also gives bilingual educators better professional opportunities to develop their skills. -
Emergency Immigrant Education Act
This act allows for services to be provided for the school districts that have a large population of immigrant students. It also offset the costs for the children who immigrated to attend school. The cost was then given to the State based on the amount of immigrant children it had. -
Improving America's Schools Act (IASA)
This law was put in place by President Bill Clinton. It reforms Title I and supports the ESEA of 1965. The reform allowed more funds to be spent on the immigrant and bilingual education that in turn lead to more public charter schools, more educational technology, and more focus on preventing students from dropping out of school. -
Multicultural Education: Transformative Knowledge and Action
This was a book written by James Banks. It discusses the ways that multicultural education is related to earlier scholarly movements that supported the empowerment, freedom,and continuation of gaining knowledge in the U.S. -
Parents involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No 1
This case along with Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education, made it so race cannot be apart of the process when assigning students to the high school they will attend. This affected the plans of multiple school districts, including districts in Louisville and Seattle. It let the students apply to any of their preferred high schools in the district. A tiebreaker on the amount of each race would be put in place to keep up with racial diversity however. -
The most recent results of the Program for International Student Assessment
The results from this study showed that the U.S. was behind many Asian countries in the students testing in reading, math, and science. It is thought that this could be due to the low-income of some of the U.S. students as well as having students who don't have English as their primary language. It is countered though because other countries that faces the same challenges still have better results than the U.S. students.
