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End of World War II
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The decision of the Allied powers
At the end of the World War II, a global military conflict between 1939-1945, tha victorious allied powers did not know what to do with the Korean peninsula https://www.greelane.com/es/humanidades/historia-y-cultura/timeline-of-the-korean-war-195834/ -
The unemployment of Korea
On 15 Agust 1945, following the surrender of Japan in World War II, Korea was vacated by Japanese troops. https://www.artehistoria.com/es/contexto/el-japón-derrotado -
The division of Korea
After the end of World War II, on Septembre 2, and the beginning of the Cold War between tha United States and the Soviet Union, Korea is divided into two: North Korea, invaded by the Russian army, and South Korea, invaded by the United States. These two contries were marked by a border at the 38th parallel. https://www.esade.edu/itemsweb/research/esadegeo/100918_El%2015%20de%20agosto%20de%201945_La%20injusta%20division%20de%20Corea_Gine.pdf -
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The situation of Korea before the War
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The governments of Korea
On 15 Agust 1948, five years after the liberation of Korea by Japanese troops, the Republic of South Korea was proclaimed. On 9 September 1948, the Democratic People´s Republic of North Korea was also proclaimed. https://m.korea.net/spanish/AboutKorea/History/Transition-Democracy-Transformation-Economic-Powerhouse -
The unemployment of the two Koreas
In 1949, the American and Russian troops withdraw from the two contries, but it would be for a short time since time after, in 1950, the Korean War would begin. -
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Korean War
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The beginning of the war
On june 25, 1950, North Korea launched a ssurprise attack. The invasion of South Korea by North Korean troops, supported by the Soviet Union, started a war that pitted communists and capitalists for control of Korea and, also, the first confrontation of the Cold War. Following this attack, US troops along with UN support joined in support of Soth Korea, and the Soviet Union gave support to North Korea. -
Invasion of Seoul
In july 1950, after the invasion of the capital of Soth Korea, Seoul, the Soth Korean and American armies were withdrawn to the south of the country in a city called Busan, where they later stabilized the Busan Perimeter. -
The landing of Incheon
In September 1950, to relieve the pressure on the Busan Perimeter, a UN commander-in-chief, MacArthur, ordered a landing oeration at Incheon. This operation was a succes as United Nations troops managed to reach Incheon, and began to make rapid pregress to recover Seoul. This forced to North Korean to make a quick move towards North Korea. -
The possible surrender of North korea
In October 1950, Soth Korean troopos crossed the 38th parallel to the north. MacArthur demands the surrender of North Korea, but is rejected by the country. instead, North Korea troops, returning to South korea, kill civilians in Seoul and American troops advance towards Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea. -
China enters the war
Between October 1950 and February 1951, China entered the Korean War in support of North Korea, due to the fearful American advance towards its borders. With their help, at the Battle of the Chosin Reservoir, the two countries manageed to regain control of Seoul. -
Operation Strangulation
between February and May 1951, the first area wars and Operation Strangulation began. This operation was carried out by American troops and consisted of firing at "Everything that moves". Because of this operation, today, North Korea continues to have a great enmity with the United States. https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-internacional-41089856 -
The start of negotiations
Between June 1951 and January 1952 armies were at a dangerous crossroads around the 38th parallel. The victims were increasing. In July negotiations arrived and both sides decided on the fate of the prisoners of war. However, North Korea, at first, refused to distribute the prisioners. As a result, the war lasted almost another year. -
Signing of the armistice
Between December 1952 and September 1953 North Korea and China accepted the distribution of prisoners of war. On 27 July 1953, North Korea, China and the United States signed the armistice. In this way, it was agrred between the two parties to avoid military conflicts, and a border of 4km wide, known as the Demilitarized Zone, was drawn between them. https://www.nationalgeographic.es/historia/2020/06/por-que-la-guerra-de-corea-nunca-termino-tecnicamente -
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Consequences
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Consequences after the war
The consequences of this war were the deaths of hundreds of civilians and military (about 3,000,000 dead), a state of continuous alert between the two nations, which endures to the present day, and a strong social division by political ideals, which confront the two Koreas to this day. https://enciclopediadehistoria.com/guerra-de-corea/ -
At present
To comment on the current situation between these two countries, comment that the liaison office, created in 2018 to help the two Koreas communicate regularly for the first time since the war, was destroyed in a "violent" way by North Korea in June 2020. This is causing dangerous millitary tension in Asia and, almost, the absence of an early inification of countries. https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-internacional-53061976
