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History of Instructional Technology

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  • First school museum was opened in St. Louis

    First school museum was opened in St. Louis

  • First catalog of instructional films

    First catalog of instructional films

    First catalog of instructional films were introduced into classrooms.
  • Thomas Edison said that “books will be obsolete in schools.”

    Thomas Edison said that “books will be obsolete in schools.”

  • The Curriculum was published

    The Curriculum was published

    This book was the starting point for learning objectives.
  • Educational films became very prevalent in schools

    Educational films became very prevalent in schools

    Schools wanted to have the largest catalogue
  • Period: to

    Radio stations became the first electronic mass medium

    During this time radio stations started to have programs designed specifically for K-12 and post-secondary education.
  • Broadcasting licenses were held by universities in Utah, Wisconsin, and Minnesota.

    Broadcasting licenses were held by universities in Utah, Wisconsin, and Minnesota.

  • Sydney Pressey invents the first teaching machine

    Sydney Pressey invents the first teaching machine

  • First college course to investigate mass communication was offered at at The New School University in New York.

    First college course to investigate mass communication was offered at at The New School University in New York.

  • Inventor Philo Taylor Farnsworth created the first electronic television

    Inventor Philo Taylor Farnsworth created the first electronic television

  • Period: to

    WW2 audio visual devices were used in the military and industrial training

    The united states army air force produced more than 400 training films.
  • Period: to

    The theory of Constructivism was explored

    Constructivism was an idea created by Jean Piaget which claimed that learning is done by students taking knowledge out of their experiences.
  • Konrad Zuge created the Z3 computer which became the world’s first programmable, automatic computer

    Konrad Zuge created the Z3 computer which became the world’s first programmable, automatic computer

  • ENIAC became the world’s first general-purpose electronic, digital computer.

    ENIAC became the world’s first general-purpose electronic, digital computer.

  • Period: to

    Taxonomy of Educational Objectives

    A series of conferences created the taxonomy of Educational objectives which helped improve communication between educators on the design of curriculum and examinations.
  • B.F Skinner developed programmed instruction at Harvard

    B.F Skinner developed programmed instruction at Harvard

    Programmed instruction focused on self-administered instruction.
  • The first volume of the taxonomy, Handbook I was published

    The first volume of the taxonomy, Handbook I was published

  • The soviet union launched Sputnik I into orbit.

    The soviet union launched Sputnik I into orbit.

  • UNIVAC 1108 was able to support 3 CPU’s

    UNIVAC 1108 was able to support 3 CPU’s

  • The second volume of the taxonomy Handbook II: Affective was published

    The second volume of the taxonomy Handbook II: Affective was published

  • Gagne’s “Conditions of Learning”

    Gagne’s “Conditions of Learning”

    Gagne’s “Conditions of Learning” was published and it identified the mental conditions necessary for effective learning. Gagne also created the Events of Instruction, a nine step process, which address the conditions of learning.
  • Formative vs Summative Evaluation

    Formative vs Summative Evaluation

    Michael Scriven jointed the terms formative and summative evaluation. Formative evaluation involves modifying teaching and learning activities through teachers assessing students during the learning process. Summative evaluation is more about the end result of a program.
  • Cognitive Psychology was published

    Cognitive Psychology was published

    Neisser published Cognitive Psychology which emphasized research regarding perception, pattern recognition, attention, and problem solving.
  • Sesame Street became the first academically oriented television program.

    Sesame Street became the first academically oriented television program.

  • Period: to

    Criterion-referenced testing started to be used.

    Criterion-referenced testing was a major focus of psychological measurement related to education. It is a style of test that uses test scores to state how a person will behave if they have a certain score.
  • The New School University started offering the Master of Arts Degree in Media studies which was brought by John Culkin.

    The New School University started offering the Master of Arts Degree in Media studies which was brought by John Culkin.